Suspended culture of Pinna rudis enhances survival and allows the development of a seasonal growth model for Mediterranean Pinnids

Hernandis, Sebastián; Tena, José Girón; Tellez, Clara; López, Diana; Prado, Patricia; García‐March, José Rafael

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2021.736964

Cited by 8 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Some researchers have succeeded by using suspended culture systems with different types of containers; others use bottom culture systems and others recommend combining suspended and bottom systems. However, most of the structures used for culture were designed for cultivating other species; thus, it would be convenient to design structures specific for pen shells 141 . The main limitation for field cultivation is the low and intermittent availability of spat, either from the wild or hatcheries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, 80 juveniles of P . rudis (48.6 ± 8.8 mm) were found in ropes of a fish farm facility in Alicante (Spain) and then placed in cages (made of 4.5‐mm plastic mesh net and subdivided in 10 compartments; 35 × 15 × 10 cm), suspended offshore at 15 m depth 141 . After a cultivation period of 25 months, pen shells were 27.9 ± 1.7 cm shell length and 16.3 ± 1.3 cm shell width, with no mortality.…”

Section: Field Cultivation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, most of the structures used for culture were designed for cultivating other species; thus, it would be convenient to design structures specific for pen shells. 141 The main limitation for field cultivation is the low and intermittent availability of spat, either from the wild or hatcheries. Therefore, aquaculture production is far from being standardized and sustainable.…”

Section: Studies Under Controlled Conditions Have Mainly Focused Onmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Worldwide overview of reproduction, juvenile collection, spat production and cultivation of pen shells

Chávez‐Villalba¹,

Reynaga-Franco

Hoyos‐Chairez³

2022

Reviews in Aquaculture

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Pen shells hold some potential for cultivation, but information on aquaculture activities is fragmentary, and no sustained or commercial production of any such species is currently in place. We reviewed information available worldwide on reproductive cycles, wild juvenile collection, spat production in hatcheries and cultivation systems for 45 pen shell species. We found information on the topics of interest for 15 species, Atrina maura and Atrina pectinata being the most studied. Reproductive cycles have been described for ten species, but size at first maturity has been reported only for A. maura and Pinna rugosa. Onion mesh bags and mosquito nets are the materials used for wild juvenile collection of most species. Nevertheless, seed collection has decreased for some species because of overexploitation, diseases or trawling that has severely impacted populations, so spat production in hatcheries is a fundamental aspect. Yet, hatcheries face challenges due to the high mortality of umbo larvae and during metamorphosis, and larvae produced by broodstock with overmature gonads. Market size individuals can be produced using culture methods currently available, but hatchery protocols and culture devices must be tailored specifically for pen shells. Reduced availability of wild spat and limited spat production in hatcheries are major constraints for developing and sustaining cultures. Studies on reproduction and spat production are necessary, as well as the implementation of protection measures and development of restoration plans for pen shell populations. Apparently, there is insufficient information available to foster the development of aquaculture, with tensions between preserving species and aquaculture programmes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Field Cultivation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Studies Under Controlled Conditions Have Mainly Focused Onmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Worldwide overview of reproduction, juvenile collection, spat production and cultivation of pen shells

Chávez‐Villalba¹,

Reynaga-Franco

Hoyos‐Chairez³

2022

Reviews in Aquaculture

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“…They are so small that usually, when found dead, they are already empty of soft tissues, impeding their genetic identification. Additionally, the consideration of all juveniles as infected P. nobilis , requires specific food supplementation [18] , extra water filtering to 0.5 µm, and cold temperatures <14 ºC, which are not appropriate for P. rudis growth [19] , which further delays their identification. On this regard, it would be much better to separate both species and put all P. rudis in suspended cages in the water column, where they can grow more than 3 cm/month [19] and maintain only the P. nobilis juveniles in the tanks [16] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, the consideration of all juveniles as infected P. nobilis , requires specific food supplementation [18] , extra water filtering to 0.5 µm, and cold temperatures <14 ºC, which are not appropriate for P. rudis growth [19] , which further delays their identification. On this regard, it would be much better to separate both species and put all P. rudis in suspended cages in the water column, where they can grow more than 3 cm/month [19] and maintain only the P. nobilis juveniles in the tanks [16] . Note that, until now, all P. nobilis juveniles recruited in situ die due to the parasite [17] and hence, maintaining them in situ, within anti-predator cages in the water column, is inadvisable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An incubation water eDNA method for a non-destructive rapid molecular identification of Pinna nobilis and Pinna rudis bivalve juveniles

Catanese

Tena

Dajković³

et al. 2022

MethodsX

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Reproduction of the endangered fan mussel Pinna nobilis under natural and captivity conditions

Hernandis,

Prado,

García‐March

et al. 2023

Aquatic Conservation

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A mass mortality event that started in 2016 has put the fan mussel Pinna nobilis close to the brink of extinction, leading to the species being classified as Critically Endangered in the Red List of the International Union for Conservation of Nature. Under current circumstances, with the persistence of the disease caused by Haplosporidium pinnae in the open sea, isolated populations in coastal lagoons and estuarine bays appear to be the main chance for the survival of the species. The low resilience of those populations highlights the importance of implementing additional measures to avoid the extinction of the fan mussel. One of these measures relies on completing its reproductive cycle in captivity. The reproductive window of the remaining fan mussel population in Alfacs Bay was explored to obtain gametes and to understand possible limitations in the reproductive activity in wild populations. For this purpose, during the reproductive season, several groups of individuals were relocated for short periods (~2 weeks) into the vivarium to obtain gametes under controlled conditions. Simultaneously, controlled temperature treatments and adapted food dosage for conditioning adult fan mussels out of their reproductive season in the wild were conducted in a recirculating aquaculture system. The reproduction of natural populations was mostly restricted to May, featuring temperatures around 20°C. A low success of spawning was obtained in the vivarium, with a 0% success in 11 out of 20 of the trials (six to nine individuals each) and an overall success of 16% (25 out of 156 individuals). A 100% success (14 out of 14) was obtained with individuals conditioned for ~2 months in the recirculating aquaculture system. A second conditioning of six of those individuals was attempted after a ~3‐month period, with a 33.3% success of spawning.

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Suspended culture of Pinna rudis enhances survival and allows the development of a seasonal growth model for Mediterranean Pinnids

Cited by 8 publications

References 41 publications

Worldwide overview of reproduction, juvenile collection, spat production and cultivation of pen shells

Worldwide overview of reproduction, juvenile collection, spat production and cultivation of pen shells

An incubation water eDNA method for a non-destructive rapid molecular identification of Pinna nobilis and Pinna rudis bivalve juveniles

Reproduction of the endangered fan mussel Pinna nobilis under natural and captivity conditions

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