Suspended solid concentration reduces feeding in freshwater mussels

Tuttle‐Raycraft, Shaylah; Morris, Todd J.; Ackerman, Josef Daniel

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.04.127

Cited by 42 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…with conservation status; Species at Risk Act 2002). Ligumia nasuta (Say 1817) from Lyn Creek (44.575, −75.7732), and Villosa iris (I. Lea 1829) from the Maitland River (43.6846, −81.541) both of which are SAR species, were also collected (see Tuttle‐Raycraft et al., for details of the sites). The shell lengths ( SL ) of the mussels used ranged from 9.5 to 12.3 cm for L. siliquoidea , SL = 5.1–7.9 cm for L. fasciola , SL = 5–7 cm for L. nasuta , and SL = 5.3–6.8 cm for V. iris .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mussels were placed individually onto a plastic mesh platform fitted ~10 cm below the top of a 3.5‐L high density polyethylene (HDPE) funnel (26.7 cm maximum diameter × 36.8 cm height) filled with 3 L of well water and placed inside an empty 18‐L HDPE bucket (31 cm diameter) for support (Tuttle‐Raycraft et al., ). Sediment suspensions were maintained by aeration through a hole in a rubber stopper at the bottom of the funnel.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sediment suspensions were maintained by aeration through a hole in a rubber stopper at the bottom of the funnel. All species were observed under four treatments (mixed sediment, clay, fine silt, coarse silt) at 20 mg/L (measured using a spectrophotometer; HACH model DR 2800), a concentration high enough to reduce CR (Gascho Landis, Haag, & Stoeckel, ; Tuttle‐Raycraft et al., ) and a no‐sediment control. Chlorella vulgaris (1 × 10 6 cells/L; 5.03 ± 1.47 μm ESD (equivalent spherical diameter determined using FlowCAM, n = 100 cells) was added to all treatments and controls to promote feeding (vanden Byllaardt & Ackerman, ; Tuttle‐Raycraft et al., ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Human activities have led to increases in total suspended sediment (TSS) in rivers (Donohue & Garcia Molinos, ), which can have negative effects on freshwater organisms (e.g. Barkalow & Bonar, ; Tuttle‐Raycraft, Morris, & Ackerman, ). Specifically, decreases in water clarity impede photosynthetic organisms (Madsen, Chambers, James, Koch, & Westlake, ), and make food acquisition challenging for visual predators (Barkalow & Bonar, ; Swanbrow Becker, Brooks, & Gabor, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, decreases in water clarity impede photosynthetic organisms (Madsen, Chambers, James, Koch, & Westlake, ), and make food acquisition challenging for visual predators (Barkalow & Bonar, ; Swanbrow Becker, Brooks, & Gabor, ). Increased TSS has likely contributed to the decline of unionid mussels through reductions in feeding and reproductive efficiencies (Aldridge, Payne, & Miller, ; Gascho Landis & Stoeckel, ; Tuttle‐Raycraft et al., ) and disruption of unionid–host fish relationships (McNichols, Mackie, & Ackerman, ). Consequently, approximately 44% of unionid species globally, and more than 70% in North America, have conservation concerns (Hansen et al., ; Lopes‐Lima et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Does size matter? Particle size vs. quality in bivalve suspension feeding

Tuttle‐Raycraft

Ackerman

2018

Freshwater Biology

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Increases in total suspended solids (TSS) in rivers have likely contributed to the decline in unionid mussel population sizes as feeding and reproduction are reduced at high TSS concentrations. Surprisingly, however, unionids are often found in turbid rivers. We predicted that clay‐sized particles, which comprise > 80% of river seston (particles in suspension), were too small to affect unionid clearance rate (CR) and thus explain this conundrum. We examined this hypothesis in laboratory experiments involving four unionid species exposed to four particle‐size based TSS treatments (mixed sediment: 0–63 μm; clay: 0–5 μm; fine silt: 5–38 μm; coarse silt: 38–63 μm; sourced from mussel sites) at 20 mg/L, which is a TSS concentration sufficient to reduce CR. Whereas the CR for all species was lower for mixed sediment, coarse silt and clay treatments—the latter was opposite to our prediction—the CR of mussels given the fine silt treatment was similar to the no‐TSS control for two species and higher than the other TSS treatments in the other two species. Fine silt contained the most fluorescent (i.e. algal) particles and the highest protein and lipid content, which suggests that CR were higher on the more nutritious diet. Particle quality, rather than size, is what modulates suspension feeding in turbid rivers. Our current understanding of the ecological effects of bivalve suspension feeding will need to be revised to incorporate field‐based measurements.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Does size matter? Particle size vs. quality in bivalve suspension feeding

Tuttle‐Raycraft

Ackerman

2018

Freshwater Biology

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A comparison of freshwater mussel assemblages along a land‐use gradient in Minnesota

Hornbach

Hove

MacGregor

et al. 2019

Aquatic Conservation

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Intensive agricultural land use may have adverse impacts on freshwater mussel assemblages. Before European settlement, the Minnesota River Basin (MRB) was home to dense and diverse assemblages of freshwater mussels. Of the 40 species that occurred there, 43% have been extirpated. the St. Croix Basin (SCB) in Minnesota/Wisconsin, in contrast, has maintained a dense and diverse mussel assemblage, probably owing to the maintenance of a higher‐quality ecosystem. Mussels were sampled in four rivers representing an agricultural land‐use gradient. Timed searches were conducted in each of three rivers of the MRB, and in one river in the SCB in 2015. These were previously sampled by the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources (1998–2008). Mussel abundance and richness were lower in the MRB compared with the SCB. There were negligible changes in mussel density in the SCB, whereas abundances declined 17–83% in the MRB over the same period. Rates of decline were greatest for rivers with higher agricultural land use. Individuals of species that inhabited both basins were larger in tributaries with higher agricultural land use. MRB rivers with increased agricultural land use harboured a greater proportion of individuals displaying opportunistic (low life‐span, age and high fecundity) and periodic life‐history traits (moderate to high growth rates, low to intermediate fecundity, life span and age at maturity), whereas SCB assemblages had a greater percentage of mussels displaying equilibrium life‐history traits (long life‐span, late maturity and low reproductive effort). Also, rivers with higher amounts of suspended sediment contained more individuals classified as disturbance tolerant. This study provides evidence that agricultural land use contributes to the loss of mussel diversity and abundance, especially in mussel species that are long lived or slow to reproduce. These life‐history traits may be correlated with increased sensitivity to disturbances commonly observed in agricultural basins, including more and larger flood events.

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Behavioural and metabolic responses of Unionida mussels to stress

Curley

Thomas

Adams

et al. 2021

Aquatic Conservation

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1. The aim of this study was to assess the extent to which the behavioural traits of freshwater mussels provide suitable indicators of stress in individuals, towards the advancement of non-invasive, remote monitoring techniques to examine population condition.2. Variation in the expression of particular behavioural metrics was examined in accordance with measurements of oxygen consumption, across environmental stressors (aerial exposure and high concentrations of total suspended solids), and between two freshwater mussel species (Margaritifera margaritifera and Anodonta anatina)3. Aerobic metabolic rate was quantified using intermittent respirometry, and behaviour was observed using time-lapse footage. Comparisons of metabolic response and the occurrence of behavioural traits, across the two stressors, focused on differences between the 24 h pre-exposure period (pre-exposure), the first 3 h of post-exposure (immediate post-exposure), and the time following the initial 3 h of post-exposure until the end of the experimental run (extended postexposure).4. The results of this study demonstrated a relationship between the frequency of occurrence of behavioural responses to stress exposure, associated with valve activity, and significant changes in the metabolic functioning of A. anatina and M. margaritifera mussels. The findings from the study also highlighted substantial intraspecific variation across species and stressors.

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Suspended solid concentration reduces feeding in freshwater mussels

Cited by 42 publications

References 55 publications

Does size matter? Particle size vs. quality in bivalve suspension feeding

Does size matter? Particle size vs. quality in bivalve suspension feeding

A comparison of freshwater mussel assemblages along a land‐use gradient in Minnesota

Behavioural and metabolic responses of Unionida mussels to stress

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