) on fragmented rhodoliths. The strong cueing to live coralline surfaces may have resulted from live coralline algal surfaces or surface biofilms. Growth, presented as post-settlement size, was significantly greater in scallops that settled onto whole vs. fragmented rhodolith substrates for both live (246.6 ± 1.9 vs. 238.9 ± 4.4 µm) and dead (244.2 ± 2.8 vs. 234.7 ± 5.6 µm) coralline surfaces. The structural and coralline cues provided by live, intact rhodoliths and their large-grained sediments contribute to the importance of rhodolith beds as nursery habitats by increasing both scallop settlement and postsettlement growth. Protection of living rhodolith habitats can enhance scallop and other invertebrate populations as well as the sustainability of scallop fisheries by enhancing early life stages.KEY WORDS: Argopecten ventricosus · Coralline · Rhodolith · Scallop · Larval settlement cues · Lithophyllum margaritae · Maerl · Bahía Concepción
Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherMar Ecol Prog Ser 396: [49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60] 2009 nell 1985, Raimondi 1990), and thereby strongly influence population and community-level processes (Rodriguez et al. 1993, Connolly & Roughgarden 1999. While hydrodynamic processes are known to strongly influence the delivery of larvae to suitable substrates (Butman et al. 1988, Abelson & Denny 1997, behavior in response to cues is also important in determining settlement patterns (Crisp 1974, Hadfield 1986, Raimondi & Morse 2000.Settlement cues, often required for metamorphosis of marine invertebrate larvae (Morse & Morse 1984, Pearce & Scheibling 1990, are thought to be indicative of environmental features that enhance survivorship (e.g. habitat, refuge, food or conspecifics). Physical cues include hydrodynamics (Crisp 1955), light (Crisp & Ritz 1973), depth (Knight-Jones & Morgan 1966), surface structural complexity (Harvey et al. 1993, disturbance events (Woodin et al. 1995) and surface chemistry (Hay 1996, Steinberg & de Nys 2002. Biological cues include presence of conspecifics (Keough 1998) and bacterial or bioorganic films (Maki et al. 1989, Keough & Raimondi 1995, Huggett et al. 2006). In addition, physical and biological cues can act synergistically (Crisp & Meadows 1963, Gee 1965, Le Tourneux & Bourget 1988. Few studies have been conducted in the field to understand in situ larval responses (Keough & Raimondi 1995) and how the distribution or magnitude of various cues might influence larval settlement (Underwood & Keough 2000).Complex seaweed surfaces, such as those found in coralline algae, provide combinations of physical and biological cues that can influence settlement in a range of invertebrates (Walters et al. 1996, Steinberg & de Nys 2002. Species of geniculate and non-geniculate (crustose) forms of coralline red algae occur in most coastal environments (Bosence 1983). A variety of invertebrate larvae are induced to settle on coralline algae by the physical features of the complex surfaces found on att...