Sustainability labelling as a tool for reporting the sustainable development impacts of climate actions relevant to Article 6 of the Paris Agreement

Abstract

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Promoting Online Transparency to Help Achieve the Sustainable Development Goals: An Empirical Study of Local Governments in Latin America

“…Moreover, most such studies have focused on the activities of local governments, mainly with respect to a single context and in the same country. This research confirms that reforms carried out within public administrations are influenced by their cultural, political and legal context [2,5,7,17,[30][31][32]49]. However, some researchers have performed comparative analyses of local governments in different countries, and have reported that the explanatory variables of transparency about governmental sustainability (where social and environmental aspects were included) may depend on the administrative culture prevailing in the country (Anglo-Saxon, Southern European or Continental) [2,35,43,50].…”

“…However, although an increasing amount of research is being conducted in this area, most studies have addressed the private sector, while our understanding of sustainability (including social and environmental aspects) and information disclosure in the public sector remains at an initial stage of development [47,48]. Among the studies that have been conducted, many conclude that public agencies often disclose insufficient financial information and that citizens require more information in this respect, as part of a new approach that also includes social and environmental information [5,19,20,30]. Moreover, most such studies have focused on the activities of local governments, mainly with respect to a single context and in the same country.…”

“…Accordingly, before undertaking an analysis of transparency on sustainability in Latin America, we must consider its socioeconomic context [2,5,30,32]. In terms of demographics, 25% of the population in Latin America are aged between 5 and 29 years [37], a factor that is directly relevant to citizens' information demands.…”

“…Nevertheless, analysis of other geographic areas is also necessary, to reflect the global diversity of cultural contexts, legal frameworks and socioeconomic circumstances. All of these factors impact on public management, including that of the sustainability of public services [2,5,7,[30][31][32].…”

Designing a Blockchain Model for the Paris Agreement’s Carbon Market Mechanism

“…The information could be either stored as metadata [63], or by using non-fungible tokens. Recent discussions on how to measure and quantify the different SDG impacts [44,64,65] may create the foundation for such information to be added to a digital information system like blockchain.…”