Sustainability of C-Reactive Protein Apheresis in Acute Myocardial Infarction—Results from a Supplementary Data Analysis of the Exploratory C-Reactive Protein in Acute Myocardial Infarction-1 Study

Skarabis, Horst; Torzewski, Jan; Ries, W; Heigl, Franz; Garlichs, Christoph D.; Kunze, Rudolf; Sheriff, Ahmed

doi:10.3390/jcm11216446

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In this protocol, patients are subjected to a 4-6 h extracorporeal circuit and blood plasma is applied to phosphocholine-linked resin. A case report and studies on small cohorts of patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) demonstrated efficient lowering of plasma CRP levels ( 47 , 102 , 114 , 115 ). However, results from the multi-center pilot CAMI-1 (CRP Apheresis in Acute Myocardial Infarction-1) study were inconclusive in regard with correlation of reduced CRP levels with myocardial infarct size ( 47 ) because the study was not randomized.…”

Section: Crp As a Target For Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

C-reactive protein: a target for therapy to reduce inflammation

2023

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C-reactive protein (CRP) is well-recognized as a sensitive biomarker of inflammation. Association of elevations in plasma/serum CRP level with disease state has received considerable attention, even though CRP is not a specific indicator of a single disease state. Circulating CRP levels have been monitored with a varying degree of success to gauge disease severity or to predict disease progression and outcome. Elevations in CRP level have been implicated as a useful marker to identify patients at risk for cardiovascular disease and certain cancers, and to guide therapy in a context-dependent manner. Since even strong associations do not establish causality, the pathogenic role of CRP has often been over-interpreted. CRP functions as an important modulator of host defense against bacterial infection, tissue injury and autoimmunity. CRP exists in conformationally distinct forms, which exhibit distinct functional properties and help explaining the diverse, often contradictory effects attributed to CRP. In particular, dissociation of native pentameric CRP into its subunits, monomeric CRP, unmasks “hidden” pro-inflammatory activities in pentameric CRP. Here, we review recent advances in CRP targeting strategies, therapeutic lowering of circulating CRP level and development of CRP antagonists, and a conformation change inhibitor in particular. We will also discuss their therapeutic potential in mitigating the deleterious actions attributed to CRP under various pathologies, including cardiovascular, pulmonary and autoimmune diseases and cancer.

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Section: Crp As a Target For Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

C-reactive protein: a target for therapy to reduce inflammation

2023

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“…It was also shown that patients with high CRP synthesis rates after AMI benefit most from CRP-targeting therapy and that the reduction of myocardial damage, assessed by infarct size and LVEF in cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR), was sustained after scar formation is considered complete [ 89 ].…”

Section: Crp Causes the Disposal Of Ischemic And Hypoxic Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Being Eaten Alive: How Energy-Deprived Cells Are Disposed of, Mediated by C-Reactive Protein—Including a Treatment Option

et al. 2023

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In medicine, C-reactive protein (CRP) has become established primarily as a biomarker, predicting patient prognosis in many indications. Recently, however, there has been mounting evidence that it causes inflammatory injury. As early as 1999, CRP was shown to induce cell death after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in rats and this was found to be dependent on complement. The pathological effect of CRP was subsequently confirmed in further animal species such as rabbit, mouse and pig. A conceptual gap was recently closed when it was demonstrated that ischemia in AMI or ischemia/hypoxia in the severe course of COVID-19 causes a drastic lack of energy in involved cells, resulting in an apoptotic presentation because these cells cannot repair/flip-flop altered lipids. The deprivation of energy leads to extensive expression on the cell membranes of the CRP ligand lysophosphatidylcholine. Upon attachment of CRP to this ligand, the classical complement pathway is triggered leading to the swift elimination of viable cells with the appearance of an apoptotic cell by phagocytes. They are being eaten alive. This, consequently, results in substantial fibrotic remodeling within the involved tissue. Inhibiting this pathomechanism via CRP-targeting therapy has been shown to be beneficial in different indications.

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C-Reactive Protein: An Important Inflammatory Marker of Coronary Atherosclerotic Disease

Zhao,

Gao,

Chen

et al. 2024

Angiology

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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most common cause of death worldwide, with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CHD) accounting for the majority of events. Evidence demonstrates that inflammation plays a vital role in the development of CHD. The association between C-reactive protein (CRP), a representative inflammatory biomarker, and atherosclerosis (AS), CHD, and inflammation has attracted attention. Therefore, we conducted an extensive search on PubMed using the aforementioned terms as search criteria and identified a total of 1246 articles published from January 2000 to April 2024. Both review and research-based articles consistently indicate CRP as a risk enhancer for CVD, contributing to the refinement of risk stratification and early identification of apparently healthy at-risk populations. Additionally, CRP reflects disease progression and predicts the prognosis of recurrent cardiovascular events. Anti-inflammatory therapeutic strategies targeting CRP also provide new treatment options for patients. This review focuses on the link between CRP and CHD, highlighting how CRP is involved in the pathological progression of AS and its potential value for clinical applications.

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Sustainability of C-Reactive Protein Apheresis in Acute Myocardial Infarction—Results from a Supplementary Data Analysis of the Exploratory C-Reactive Protein in Acute Myocardial Infarction-1 Study

Cited by 3 publications

References 16 publications

C-reactive protein: a target for therapy to reduce inflammation

C-reactive protein: a target for therapy to reduce inflammation

Being Eaten Alive: How Energy-Deprived Cells Are Disposed of, Mediated by C-Reactive Protein—Including a Treatment Option

C-Reactive Protein: An Important Inflammatory Marker of Coronary Atherosclerotic Disease

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