Sustainable and non-sustainable energy and output in Latin America: A cointegration and causality approach with panel data

Alvarado, Rafael; Ponce, Pablo; Ponce, Katerine; Huachizaca, Viviana; Toledo, Elisa

doi:10.1016/j.esr.2019.100369

Cited by 44 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…The findings mainly imply that a long-run cointegration exists between the studied variables. The empirical findings are consistent with the existing literature (Shahzad, Sarwar, and Amin 2018;Alvarado et al 2019;Nguyen and Kakinaka 2019), implying that trade openness, renewable and nonrenewable energy might have long-run impacts on the carbon emissions of sample countries. Hence, to understand the magnitude and directions of variables toward carbon emissions, we further use the difference GMM fixed and random effects models in four different model specifications.…”

Section: Findings For Panel Cointegration and Regressions Analysissupporting

confidence: 90%

Renewable and nonrenewable energy consumption, trade and CO₂ emissions in high emitter countries: does the income level matter?

Fatima

Shahzad

Cui

2020

Journal of Environmental Planning and Management

139

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This study analyzes the effects of increased income and renewable energy on environmental quality, which has been ignored in the existing literature. An important contribution of this study is to analyze the role of renewable and nonrenewable energy in relation to the rising level of carbon emissions in the leading emitting countries. This research further examines the heterogeneous impacts of rising income levels and EKC investigation for CO 2 emissions. The Kao cointegration, generalized method of moments (GMM), random effects, fixed effect (FE) regression models, and panel causality techniques are employed for panel data estimations. The empirical outcomes mention that an increase in income moderates the ratio of consumption of renewable energy to CO 2 emissions. Increased income contributes more to the energy mix, which contributes to environmental pollution, through nonrenewable energy. This research reports policy-relevant critical masses beyond which an increase in income negatively affects the link between renewable energy and CO 2 emissions.

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Section: Findings For Panel Cointegration and Regressions Analysissupporting

confidence: 90%

Renewable and nonrenewable energy consumption, trade and CO₂ emissions in high emitter countries: does the income level matter?

Fatima

Shahzad

Cui

2020

Journal of Environmental Planning and Management

139

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“…11 in the case of 186 countries around the globe. Similarly Alvarado et al., 75 also found a positive impact of economic output on energy use in the case of Latin America. In the evoke of the 1970s’ reforms, boosted growth rates of output were accompanied by immense energy use, which raised the intensity of energy use in the Chinese economy.…”

Section: Empirics and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Are the intensity of energy use, land agglomeration, CO₂ emissions, and economic progress dynamically interlinked across development levels?

Ahmad

Anser

et al. 2020

Energy & Environment

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Although urban agglomerations have introduced substantial contributions to the economies around the globe, it has also led to the serious environmental challenges. However, this situation may vary across the development levels. The existing knowledge offers a gap in terms of both theoretical and empirical grounds. The Stochastic Impacts by Regression on Population, Affluence, and Technology (STIRPAT) is previously not known to incorporate land agglomeration and the intensity of energy use. Besides, the investigation of linkages among the variables of interest across the development levels within a country is not known to be considered by the existing knowledge. This study systematically investigates the heterogeneous dynamic causality among the intensity of energy use, land agglomeration, carbon dioxide emissions (CO2), and economic progress across the development levels in the Chinese economy, considering 29 provinces for the period 2000 to 2018. To this end, a long-term co-integration association is tested and found existent among the variables of interest. A dynamic common correlated effects mean group approach is applied for impact analysis. The key findings include: The impacts of economic progress and land agglomeration on CO2 are found positive and significant in the country panel and western zone of China (WZC). It turned to be neutral in the case of the central zone of China (CZC) and significantly negative in the eastern zone of China (EZC). To this end, economic progress presented a ‘development ladder-based CO2 mitigation effect,’ while the land agglomeration exposed the ‘land agglomeration ladder-based CO2 mitigation effect’. Further, the causalities extracted are: first, economic progress is found in positive bilateral linkages with the intensity of energy use and land agglomeration for all the panels. Second, a positive and unilateral causal bridge is found operating from land agglomeration to the intensity of energy use and from the intensity of energy use to CO2. Third, a unilateral linkage of mixed nature is exposed to exist from land agglomeration to CO2, with positive causal links for country panel and WZC, negative causal links for EZC, while a neutral linkage is found for CZC. Fourth, a bidirectional link with mixed causalities appeared in the country panel and WZC. Economic progress increased CO2 in WZC. Next, a negative bilateral link is observed between the two variables in EZC. Additionally, this link remained neutral in CZC. Based on empirics, it is revealed that the development level matters in determining the links among the variables of interest.

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“…Although the eventual depletion of fossil fuels will significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions, it will also result in energy insecurity. Therefore, resolving the issues of environmental pollution and energy insecurity gradually through carbon recovery from non-sustainable and sustainable resources is a global concern and of interest for researchers [1][2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sugarcane Bagasse as a Co-Substrate with Oil-Refinery Biological Sludge for Biogas Production Using Batch Mesophilic Anaerobic Co-Digestion Technology: Effect of Carbon/Nitrogen Ratio

Ghaleb

Kutty

Hayder

et al. 2021

Water

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Man-made organic waste leads to the rapid proliferation of pollution around the globe. Effective bio-waste management can help to reduce the adverse effects of organic waste while contributing to the circular economy at the same time. The toxic oily-biological sludge generated from oil refineries’ wastewater treatment plants is a potential source for biogas energy recovery via anaerobic digestion. However, the oily-biological sludge’s carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio is lower than the ideal 20–30 ratio required by anaerobic digestion technology for biogas production. Sugarcane bagasse can be digested as a high C/N co-substrate while the oily-biological sludge acts as a substrate and inoculum to improve biogas production. In this study, the best C/N with co-substrate volatile solids (VS)/inoculum VS ratios for the co-digestion process of mixtures were determined empirically through batch experiments at temperatures of 35–37 °C, pH (6–8) and 60 rpm mixing. The raw materials were pre-treated mechanically and thermo-chemically to further enhance the digestibility. The best condition for the sugarcane bagasse delignification process was 1% (w/v) sodium hydroxide, 1:10 solid-liquid ratio, at 100 °C, and 150 rpm for 1 h. The results from a 33-day batch anaerobic digestion experiment indicate that the production of biogas and methane yield were concurrent with the increasing C/N and co-substrate VS/inoculum VS ratios. The total biogas yields from C/N 20.0 with co-substrate VS/inoculum VS 0.06 and C/N 30.0 with co-substrate VS/inoculum VS 0.18 ratios were 2777.0 and 9268.0 mL, respectively, including a methane yield of 980.0 and 3009.3 mL, respectively. The biogas and methane yield from C/N 30.0 were higher than the biogas and methane yields from C/N 20.0 by 70.04 and 67.44%, respectively. The highest biogas and methane yields corresponded with the highest C/N with co-substrate VS/inoculum VS ratios (30.0 and 0.18), being 200.6 mL/g VSremoved and 65.1 mL CH4/g VSremoved, respectively.

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Sustainable and non-sustainable energy and output in Latin America: A cointegration and causality approach with panel data

Cited by 44 publications

References 62 publications

Renewable and nonrenewable energy consumption, trade and CO₂ emissions in high emitter countries: does the income level matter?

Renewable and nonrenewable energy consumption, trade and CO₂ emissions in high emitter countries: does the income level matter?

Are the intensity of energy use, land agglomeration, CO₂ emissions, and economic progress dynamically interlinked across development levels?

Sugarcane Bagasse as a Co-Substrate with Oil-Refinery Biological Sludge for Biogas Production Using Batch Mesophilic Anaerobic Co-Digestion Technology: Effect of Carbon/Nitrogen Ratio

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Sustainable and non-sustainable energy and output in Latin America: A cointegration and causality approach with panel data

Cited by 44 publications

References 62 publications

Renewable and nonrenewable energy consumption, trade and CO2 emissions in high emitter countries: does the income level matter?

Renewable and nonrenewable energy consumption, trade and CO2 emissions in high emitter countries: does the income level matter?

Are the intensity of energy use, land agglomeration, CO2 emissions, and economic progress dynamically interlinked across development levels?

Sugarcane Bagasse as a Co-Substrate with Oil-Refinery Biological Sludge for Biogas Production Using Batch Mesophilic Anaerobic Co-Digestion Technology: Effect of Carbon/Nitrogen Ratio

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Product

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Renewable and nonrenewable energy consumption, trade and CO₂ emissions in high emitter countries: does the income level matter?

Renewable and nonrenewable energy consumption, trade and CO₂ emissions in high emitter countries: does the income level matter?

Are the intensity of energy use, land agglomeration, CO₂ emissions, and economic progress dynamically interlinked across development levels?