Sustainable and Renewable Bio-Based Natural Fibres and Its Application for 3D Printed Concrete: A Review

Luhar, Salmabanu; Suntharalingam, Thadshajini; Navaratnam, Satheeskumar; Luhar, Ismail; Thamboo, Julian; Poologanathan, Keerthan; Gatheeshgar, Perampalam

doi:10.3390/su122410485

Cited by 63 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 153 publications

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“…Three-Dimensional-Printed Concrete (3DPC) and Sustainability Over the past decade, the interest in the pursuit on extrusion-based 3D-printed concrete (3DPC) has been increasing exponentially. This innovative technology has been recognized as a sustainable green construction and environmentally friendly solution, as it reduces the overall construction waste and costs [9][10][11][12]. The integration of 3DPC in the design and construction of built environments brings many promising advantages, such as minimal manpower and labor costs, rapid fabrication, reduction of construction wastes, cost-effectiveness, formwork-free construction, and increased flexibility with precise architectural design.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Performance of 3D-Printed Concrete Walls: A Numerical Study

et al. 2021

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Three-dimensional-printed concrete (3DPC), which is also termed as digital fabrication of concrete, offers potential development towards a sustainable built environment. This novel technique clearly reveals its development towards construction application with various global achievements, including structures such as bridges, houses, office buildings, and emergency shelters. However, despite the enormous efforts of academia and industry in the recent past, the application of the 3DPC method is still challenging, as existing knowledge about its performance is limited. The construction industry and building sectors have a significant share of the total energy consumed globally, and building thermal efficiency has become one of the main driving forces within the industry. Hence, it is important to study the thermal energy performance of the structures developed using the innovative 3DPC technique. Thermal characterization of walls is fundamental for the assessment of the energy performance, and thermal insulation plays an important role in performance enhancements. Therefore, in this study, different wall configurations were examined, and the conclusions were drawn based on their relative energy performance. The thermal performance of 32 different 3DPC wall configurations with and without cavity insulation were traced using validated finite element models by measuring the thermal transmittance value (U-value). Our study found that the considered 3DPC cavity walls had a low energy performance, as the U-values did not satisfy the standard regulations. Thus, their performance was improved with cavity insulation. The simulation resulted in a minimum thermal transmittance value of 0.34 W/m2·K. Additionally, a suitable equation was proposed to find the U-values of 100 mm-thick cavity wall panels with different configurations. Furthermore, this study highlights the importance of analytical and experimental solutions as an outline for further research

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Performance of 3D-Printed Concrete Walls: A Numerical Study

et al. 2021

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“…Biodegradable plastic reduces CO2 emissions by 30-70% compared to conventional plastic (Lackner, 2015). Biodegradable polymers can be obtained from different resources such as polysaccharides, proteins, lipids, and microorganisms and natural fibres such as cactus, banana, avocado, lotus, sisal, straw, hemp, corn, bamboo, hemp, coffee, and sugar cane can meet the requirements for making face masks (Ramesh, et al Al., 2017, Luhar, et al, 2020Yan, et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Pandemic Face Masks Pollution: Case Study from an Apulian Hospital

Lagioia¹

2021

New Trends in Sustainable Business and Consumption

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The goal is to provide a comprehensive framework about how the COVID-19 pandemic is affecting both plastic pollution and CO2 emissions mainly due to the consumption of face masks in an hospital located in southern Italy, highlighting the CO2 impact as well as the consequences on waste management systems.Methodology: A detailed literature review research was conducted, scrutinizing governmental websites, technical reports and using engines such as Science Direct, Google Scholar, Elsevier, Inderscience, Scopus. Furthermore, different meetings with the managers of an Apulian hospital have been realized to benchmark the consumption of face masks in the periods before and during the pandemic. Findings:The research shows that the pandemic has led to an increase of 1,395% in the use of face masks with consequent impacts both to CO2 emissions, which can be linked to both the production and disposal phases, and to waste management. The most significant value concerns the emissions of CO2 attributable to FFP2 with a rise of 11,735%, compared to the increase in CO2 emissions equal to 1,130% caused by face surgical masks.Originality: The case study underlines to what extent the excessive use of face masks contributes to pollution and CO2 emissions linked to both the production, disposal phases, and waste management. Possible practical implications:This work can be used to identify solutions or alternatives in line with the concepts of sustainability, circular economy and recycling focusing on material alternatives on facial mask production.

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“…Geopolymers are a class of inorganic materials in the form of geopolymer paste, geopolymer mortar, geopolymer concretes, etc., for the construction and infrastructure industry produced through the process of geopolymerization-the alkaline activation of solid alumina-silicate precursors, either as industrial by-products or materials of geological origin at low temperature in alkaline medium [40,41]. Geopoly-meric materials can bring the significant environmental and economic advantages owing to the opening for the incorporation of diverse profuse waste streams sans compromising durability, strength, and the sustainability attributes to an optimum level along with low carbon footprint [41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53]. The workability, mix design, mechanical characteristics, durability, and micro-structure, etc., of geopolymer composites have recently been studied by researchers [41][42][43][54][55][56][57][58][59].…”

Section: Geopolymeric Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on Performance Evaluation of Autonomous Healing of Geopolymer Composites

Luhar

Shaikh

2021

Infrastructures

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It is a universal fact that concrete is one of the most employed construction materials and hence its exigency is booming at a rocket pace, which in turn, has resulted in a titanic demand of ordinary Portland cement. Regrettably, the production of this essential binder of concrete is not merely found to consume restricted natural resources but also found to be associated with emission of carbon dioxide—a primary greenhouse gas (GHG) which is directly answerable to earth heating, resulting in the gigantic dilemma of global warming. Nowadays, in order to address all these impasses, researchers are attracted to innovative Geopolymer concrete technology. However, crack development of various sizes within the concrete is inevitable irrespective of its kind, mix design, etc., owing to external and internal factors viz., over-loading, exposure to severe environments, shrinkage, or error in design, etc., which need to be sealed otherwise these openings permits CO2, water, fluids, chemicals, harmful gases, etc., to pass through reducing service life and ultimately causing the failure of concrete structures in the long term. That is why instant repairs of these cracks are essential, but manual mends are time-consuming and costly too. Hence, self-healing of cracks is desirable to ease their maintenances and repairs. Self-healing geopolymer concrete (SHGPC) is a revolutionary product extending the solution to all these predicaments. The present manuscript investigates the self-healing ability of geopolymer paste, geopolymer mortar, and geopolymer concrete—a slag-based fiber-reinforced and a variety of other composites that endow with multifunction have also been compared, keeping the constant ratio of water to the binder. Additionally, the feasibility of bacteria in a metakaolin-based geopolymer concrete for self-healing the cracks employing Bacteria-Sporosarcina pasteurii, producing Microbial Carbonate Precipitations (MCP), was taken into account with leakage and the healing process in a precipitation medium. Several self-healing mechanisms, assistances, applications, and challenges of every strategy are accentuated, compared with their impacts as a practicable solution of autogenously-healing mechanisms while active concretes are subjected to deterioration, corrosion, cracking, and degradation have also been reviewed systematically.

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Sustainable and Renewable Bio-Based Natural Fibres and Its Application for 3D Printed Concrete: A Review

Cited by 63 publications

References 153 publications

Energy Performance of 3D-Printed Concrete Walls: A Numerical Study

Energy Performance of 3D-Printed Concrete Walls: A Numerical Study

COVID-19 Pandemic Face Masks Pollution: Case Study from an Apulian Hospital

Review on Performance Evaluation of Autonomous Healing of Geopolymer Composites

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