Sustainable Biorefinery Concept for Industrial Bioprocessing

Kassim, Mohd Asyraf; Meng, Tan Kean; Serri, Noor Aziah; Baidurah, Siti; Shahrin, Nur Artikah Muhammad; Seng, Khok Yong; Bakar, Mohamad Hafizi Abu; Lee, Chee Keong

doi:10.1002/9781119593065.ch2

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 134 publications

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“…As a result, all fermentation conditions portray less cracks and weight difference below 0.07 g. This may be because EFB are fibres rich in cellulose (makes up to 65%), lignin (up to 29.2%), hemicellulose (up to 28.8%), and extractive (3.7%). The hydrogen bonding between different layers of cellulose chains, and along the cross-linking of lignin with both cellulose and hemicellulose, resulted in a complex web of links that contributes to the structural strength of EFB fibres [11] . Hence, the stability and durability of the pellet were improved with the presence of both lignin as the natural binder [27] , [28] and POME oily materials.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-fermentation involving Lysinibacillus sp. and Aspergillus flavus for simultaneous palm oil waste treatment and renewable biomass fuel production

Bakar¹,

Khuzaini²,

Baidurah

2022

AIMSMICRO

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<abstract> Biomass fuel is one of the renewable energy sources that can be produced by valorization of palm oil mill effluent (POME) and empty fruit bunch (EFB). POME and EFB are available abundantly in Malaysia and only small portion is utilized to produce other value-added products. The objective of this study is to: (1) utilize the wastes from agro-industrial sector especially palm oil wastes and bio-valorize into value-added product of biomass fuel with high CEV, and simultaneously (2) reduce the waste accumulated in the palm oil factory. In this study, co-fermentation of bacteria (<italic>Lysinibacillus</italic> sp.) and fungus (<italic>Aspergillus flavus</italic>) at 37 °C, 180 rpm for 5 days, followed by overnight oven-dry at 85 °C was conducted utilizing a mixture of POME and EFB with the ratio of 7:3 at laboratory scale. Three fermentation medium conditions were performed, namely: (1) Group 1: autoclaved POME and EFB without addition of any microorganisms, (2) Group 2: autoclaved POME and EFB with the addition of <italic>Lysinibacillus</italic> sp. LC 556247 and <italic>Aspergillus flavus</italic>, and (3) Group 3: POME and EFB as it is (non-sterile). Among all condition, Group 2 with co-fermentation evinced the highest calorific energy value (CEV) of 26.71 MJ/kg, highest biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) removal efficiency of 61.11%, chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency at 48.47%, and total suspended solid (TSS) reduction of 37.12%. Overall, this study successfully utilized abundant POME and EFB waste and turn into value added product of renewable biomass fuel with high CEV percentage and simultaneously able to reduce abundant liquid waste. </abstract>

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-fermentation involving Lysinibacillus sp. and Aspergillus flavus for simultaneous palm oil waste treatment and renewable biomass fuel production

Bakar¹,

Khuzaini²,

Baidurah

2022

AIMSMICRO

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“…Research explores the utilization of various waste biomass as carbon sources for production of value-added products such as PHAs [ 10 , 22 , 23 ]. The aforementioned waste biomass requires pre-treatment to increase the corresponding monomer units for the ease of bacteria consumption.…”

Section: Polyhydroxyalkanoates (Phas) and Poly(lactic Acid) (Pla): Overview And Synthesis Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, molasses contain high amount of sucrose required to be hydrolyzed into its monomers glucose and fructose. An increment of 15% was observed for glucose and fructose content upon hydrothermal acid pretreatment of molasses [ 23 ].…”

Section: Polyhydroxyalkanoates (Phas) and Poly(lactic Acid) (Pla): Overview And Synthesis Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Applications and Biodegradation of Polyhydroxyalkanoates and Poly(lactic acid) and Its Composites

et al. 2021

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Overconsumption of plastic goods and improper handling of petroleum-derived plastic waste have brought a plethora of negative impacts to the environment, ecosystem and human health due to its recalcitrance to degradation. These drawbacks become the main driving force behind finding biopolymers with the degradable properties. With the advancement in biopolymer research, polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) and poly(lacyic acid) (PLA) and its composites have been alluded to as a potential alternative to replace the petrochemical counterpart. This review highlights the current synthesis process and application of PHAs and PLA and its composites for food packaging materials and coatings. These biopolymers can be further ameliorated to enhance their applicability and are discussed by including the current commercially available packaging products. Factors influencing biodegradation are outlined in the latter part of this review. The main aim of this review article is to organize the scattered available information on various aspects of PHAs and PLA, and its composites for packaging application purposes. It is evident from a literature survey of about 140 recently published papers from the past 15 years that PLA and PHA show excellent physical properties as potential food packaging materials.

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“…The development of China's biomass industry is greatly affected by conditions in the rural areas. Therefore, analyzing the functional characteristics and proximity of industrial stakeholders in the social network is of great significance for promoting the circulation of industrial social resources and sustainable development [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Network Relationships between Biomass Industry Stakeholders in the Agricultural Waste Power Generation Industry—A Case of Northern Jiangsu, China

et al. 2022

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This study aimed to explore the impact of the interaction between stakeholders in the sustainable development of the biomass industry and to reveal network issues relating to material flow and information flow under the current biomass energy development model. This study focused on the agriculture and forestry waste power generation industry. Taking the biomass industry in Nanjing, Suqian, and Yancheng as examples, the study selected six stakeholder groups involved in the industry and conducted field investigations by using semi-open interviews and questionnaires. The research mainly applied social network analysis methods, combined with UCINET software, to draw a network diagram of the stakeholder relationships and to quantitatively analyze stakeholder centrality and overall network density. The results revealed that (1) the biomass enterprises had the highest centrality in the overall network, which played a vital role in the construction of the overall network; (2) the farmers were positioned at the outer fringes of the industrial social network and their information acquisition capabilities and degree of control over the network were the lowest; and (3) the overall network density was low, which showed that the connections between stakeholders were not close enough to support the circulation of material and information in the overall network.

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Sustainable Biorefinery Concept for Industrial Bioprocessing

Cited by 13 publications

References 134 publications

Co-fermentation involving <i>Lysinibacillus</i> sp. and <i>Aspergillus flavus</i> for simultaneous palm oil waste treatment and renewable biomass fuel production

Co-fermentation involving <i>Lysinibacillus</i> sp. and <i>Aspergillus flavus</i> for simultaneous palm oil waste treatment and renewable biomass fuel production

A Review of the Applications and Biodegradation of Polyhydroxyalkanoates and Poly(lactic acid) and Its Composites

Social Network Relationships between Biomass Industry Stakeholders in the Agricultural Waste Power Generation Industry—A Case of Northern Jiangsu, China

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