Sustainable Business Sites in the Netherlands: A Survey of Policies and Experiences

Abstract

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Environmental Sustainability: A Case of Policy Implementation Failure?

“…The majority of these studies cited insufficient incentives to adopt environmentally sustainable practices as a trap and argued for greater economic incentives [30,32,38,42,45,55,63,66,67,69,74,75,83,84,95,102,117]. Some found that there were insufficient incentives to implement a policy or comply with regulations as a result of either a lack of official accountability or a lack of public demand for action [34,36,48,54,60,82,87,108,109].…”

“…The first was the inadequacy or absence of consultation with the affected community [30,41,45,49,56,60,78,79,[81][82][83][84]94,95,98,99,103,110,115,120,122]. The second was a failure to adequately involve the community in the policy process [32,36,57,59,65,73,77,98,104,123].…”

“…Case studies in Finland, Italy, the West Balkans and Australia indicated that failure may result where policies are not well developed, are not implemented fully, are not politically popular, or go against a prevailing political agenda [41,47,48,67,71,74,79,[92][93][94]. Dominant interests, such as extractive industries, may influence what is politically feasible, resulting in a failure to deliver sustainability [41,42,44,46,49,58,60,73,81,93,[95][96][97]. An unstable political climate or corruption can further limit success [37,49,53,56,59,67,74,77,96,98].…”

Industrial Ecology and Regional Development: Eco-Industrial Development as Cluster Policy

“…Some such benefits may relate to environmental issues, such as park-level regulatory compliance, or onsite recycling, but there is nevertheless an awareness of the potential economic benefits (LOWE, 1997;MARTIN et al, 1998). Indeed, in a study of Dutch ecoindustrial parks, PELLENBARG (2002) found that external economies relating to non-environmental activities (e.g., parking facilities or safety systems) were more common than environment-related ones (e.g., utility sharing or heat cascading).…”

A sustainable approach for industrial area redevelopment in the Netherlands

“…Bak [1] explored the use of space by industrial companies; Ike et al [13] studied financial problems of Dutch municipalities which coincided with the surplus of industrial areas during the 1980s; van Steen [29,30] examined industrial areas as investment object from an entrepreneur's perspective; Meester [17] and Pen [23] paid attention to the relation between company migration and industrial area planning and Pellenbarg [22] examined the policy of the Dutch government to develop sustainable industrial areas. Interestingly, recent research aims increasingly on process characteristics of the redevelopment of industrial areas.…”