Sustainable Carrageenan/Nanocomposite Films Incorporated with Optimized <i>Zingiber officinale</i> Extracts for Active Packaging Systems

Subramaniam, Sarmilaah Dewi; Yahaya, Wan Amnin Wan; Azman, Nurul Aini Mohd; Arshad, Zatul Iffah Mohd; Basrawi, Firdaus

doi:10.1002/ceat.202300007

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…TS, EAB and Young's modulus are commonly used to determine the breaking strength of the packaging materials. The value of TS indicates the resistance of the film at maximum tensile load, while the value of EAB (%) indicates the maximum allowable elongation of the film [21]. Meanwhile, Young's modulus indicates the elasticity that characterizes the stiffness or flexibility of the material.…”

Section: Mechanical Properties Of Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Potential of Seaweed Derivatives for the Development of Biodegradable Plastics: A Comparative Study

et al. 2023

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Biodegradable films made from biopolymer materials have the potential to replace conventional plastics, which can reduce waste disposal problems. This study aims to explore the potential of different seaweed derivate films consisting of 2% (w/w) of kappaphycus alverezi (KA), kappa carrageenan (KC), refined carrageenan (RC) and semi-refined carrageenan (SRC) as bio-based materials with 0.9% (w/w) glycerol (G), and reinforced with different concentrations of cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) derived from palm waste. A characterization of the glycerol-plasticized seaweed derivatives containing 0, 5, 10, and 15% (v/w) cellulose nanofiber is carried out. The CNFs were studied based on their mechanical, physical and thermal properties including mechanical properties, thickness, moisture content, opacity, water solubility, water vapor permeability and thermal stability. The hydrogen bonding was determined using the DFT calculation generated by Gauss view software version 9.6. The KA + G + 10%CNF film exhibited a surface with slight cracks, roughness, and larger lumps and dents, resulting in inferior mechanical properties (18.50 Mpa), making it unsuitable for biofilm production. The KC + G + 10%CNF film exhibited mechanical properties 24.97 Mpa and water vapor permeability of 1.42311 × 10−11 g s−1 m−1 Pa−1. The RC/G/10%CNF film displayed the highest TS (48.23 MPa) and water vapor permeability (1.4168 × 10−11 g s−1 m−1 Pa−1), but it also had higher solubility in water (66%). In contrast, the SRC + G + 10%CNF film demonstrated excellent mechanical properties (45.98 MPa), low water solubility (42.59%), low water vapor permeability (1.3719 × 10−11 g s−1 m−1 Pa−1), and a high decomposition temperature (250.62 °C) compared to KA, KC and RC. These attributes develop films suitable for various applications, including food packaging with enhanced properties and stability.

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Section: Mechanical Properties Of Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%