Sustainable chemo-enzymatic synthesis of glycerol carbonate (meth)acrylate from glycidol and carbon dioxide enabled by ionic liquid technologies

Abstract

A sustainable chemo-enzymatic process for producing both glycerol carbonate acrylate (GCA) and glycerol carbonate methacrylate (GCMA), as useful monomers for preparation of biodegradable plastic materials, has been carried out taking...

Cycloaddition of CO2 to epoxides “around water”: a strategy to apply and recycle efficient water-soluble bio-based organocatalysts in biphasic media

“…For the case of 16a, a useful compound in the synthesis of CO 2 -based polymers, [73][74][75] complete substrate conversion with high 16b selectivity in the organic phase was observed using 2 mol% 7b-I at 80 °C under biphasic conditions (Table 4, entry 6). Also, for this substrate, the amount of carbonate found in the aqueous phase was low (3 mol%, Table S9 †), along with a small amount of the corresponding diol (2 mol%) in good agreement with the high isolated yield.…”

From green to circular chemistry paved by biocatalysis

“…The second catalytic step consisted of the synthesis of GCA, or GCMA, as the outcome of the cycloaddition of CO 2 to the obtained glycidyl (meth)acrylate catalysed by a covalently attached 1-decyl-2-methylimidazolium moiety (supported ionic liquid-like phase, SILLP) 90 in a solvent-free system and under mild conditions (60 °C, 1 bar), leading to up to 100% yield after 6 h. The components of the reaction system (biocatalyst/SLIL/SILLP) can be fully recovered and reused for at least 6 cycles with unchanged catalytic performance. 91 The transformation of CO 2 to other bulk chemicals by means of CO 2 and sustainable and cheap energy can be achieved by hybrid systems with in vitro and in vivo enzymatic systems. 92 Indeed, formatotrophic microbes can economically convert CO 2 /formate into bulk chemicals, such as fuels, other value-added products (e.g.…”

“…The second catalytic step consisted of the synthesis of GCA, or GCMA, as the outcome of the cycloaddition of CO 2 to the obtained glycidyl (meth)acrylate catalysed by a covalently attached 1-decyl-2-methylimidazolium moiety (supported ionic liquid-like phase, SILLP) 90 in a solvent-free system and under mild conditions (60 °C, 1 bar), leading to up to 100% yield after 6 h. The components of the reaction system (biocatalyst/SLIL/SILLP) can be fully recovered and reused for at least 6 cycles with unchanged catalytic performance. 91…”

The effect of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane fillers in non‐isocyanate polyurethane hybrid resins

“…Similarly, studies that focused on silicones applied siloxane‐containing monomers, 29,30 polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS), 30–35 and sol–gel methods 36–39 . Finally, acrylic‐based routes for HPHU synthesis employed amine terminated PHU prepolymers, 40–43 hydroxyurethane methacrylates, 44–47 and pendant cyclic carbonate functional prepolymers 48–52 . In addition to these routes, other hybrid approaches have been particularly applied with waterborne HPHUs 53–55 which have been reviewed recently 56–58 .…”

“…[36][37][38][39] Finally, acrylic-based routes for HPHU synthesis employed amine terminated PHU prepolymers, [40][41][42][43] hydroxyurethane methacrylates, [44][45][46][47] and pendant cyclic carbonate functional prepolymers. [48][49][50][51][52] In addition to these routes, other hybrid approaches have been particularly applied with waterborne HPHUs [53][54][55] which have been reviewed recently. [56][57][58] Namely, these routes are hybrids in that the urethanes are functionalized and hybridized, for example, with monomers employing free radical polymerization methods.…”