Sustainable Cornelian Cherry Production in Montenegro: Importance of Local Genetic Resources

Abstract

Cornelian cherries has been grown Balkan peninsula no apparent disease and pest problems for centuries. The most important pomological and technological properties of cornelian cherry genetic resources (eleven local and introduced varieties and selections) in Gornje Polimlje, Montenegro were studied in four–year periods. Fruit weight, stone weight, and mesocarp/stone ratio shows great variation and varied between 1.89 to 6.16 g, 0.32 to 0.64 g and between 76.66 and 90.59%, respectively. Genotypes significantly differed each other in terms of yield determined as per trunk cross section area (TCSA). For better visualization of the agronomical traits important to the yield, i.e., yield per TCSA and fruit weight data is presented in combination as measured in the years of study. The best promising genotypes are Vladimirskiy, Chisinau yellow, and Krupnoplodni NS, which had consistently higher yield and large fruits for sustainable fruit production. Dry matter, total sugars, reducing sugars, sucrose, total acidity, Ca–pectate, vitamin C, total anthocyanins, total polyphenols, and ash content of cornelian cherry cultivars and selections were found between 19.81–24.46%, 10.94–14.47%, 10.44–13.09%, 0.24–1.23%, 1.92–2.51%, 2.76–4.43%, 41.09–101.27 mg/100 g, 0–157.06 mg/100 g, 183.91–307.9 mg/100 g, and 0.89–1.16%, respectively. The amount of potassium, which predominates in percentage of minerals in the ash, ranged from 2888 to 3574 mg/kg. The extensiveness of the study leads, therefore, to several clear conclusions and recommendations. Consistently, the best balance of biochemical elements in combination with good yield and fruit size measurements is found in selection Krupnoplodi NS. If consider fruit size and yield efficiency are priority, Vladimirskiy, Chisinau yellow, Kosten 3, and Krupnoplodni NS have clear advantage over the other genotypes. The study highlights the importance of local cornelian cherry selections for sustainable cornelian cherry production in Montenegro.

Comparison of Budding Methods of Two Cultivars of Cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.)

“…Cornelian cherry clearly responds favourably to fertilization with greater fruit mass and more vigorous growth. It is best if it is fertilized organically, but fertilization with artificial fertilizers is equally effective and has no negative side effects (Jaćimović et al, 2020).…”

Owoce Zapomniane Jako Potencjalne Surowce Winiarskie

“…Owoce derenia zawierają, w porównaniu do innych owoców, dużą ilość witaminy C i polifenoli, w tym antocyjanów. Zawartość witaminy C waha się od 34 do 100 mg/100 g świeżej masy, polifenoli, w przeliczeniu na kwas galusowy, 200 -600 mg/100 g suchej masy, a zawartość anto-cyjanów, wyrażona jako cyjanidyno-3-glukozyd, w skórce i miąższu, odpowiednio 650 -850 mg/100 g suchej masy oraz 35 -120 mg/100 g suchej masy [19]. Ze względu na powyższe parametry dereń jadalny z powodzeniem może być stosowany jako surowiec w przemyśle spożywczym [12].…”

“…W zależności od badanego gatunku, owoce derenia charakteryzują się względnie wysokim stosunkiem mezokarpu do całkowitej masy owocu, wynoszącym od 76,66 do nawet 90,59 % [19]. Z tego wzglądu, podczas procesu rozdrabniania, z powodzeniem można wykorzystać urządzenia przeznaczone do obróbki miękkich owoców jagodowych, które zapobiegną uszkodzeniu pestek i tym samym uwolnieniu związków, które mogą negatywnie wpłynąć na jakość i walory smakowe wina.…”

Documenting Greek Indigenous Germplasm of Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas L.) for Sustainable Utilization: Molecular Authentication, Asexual Propagation, and Phytochemical Evaluation

“…In more recent studies in the same area, the phytochemical evaluation of C. mas domesticated germplasm (cultivars and/or hybrids) has been conducted [ 22 ]. Furthermore, C. mas germplasm has been characterized in terms of the nutritional value of the fruits across a wider spectrum of its distribution range [ 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ] and the results showed the nutritional superiority of wild-growing germplasm [ 29 ]. However, in these studies no assessment was included regarding the native C. mas wild-growing genotypes occurring in Greece.…”