Sustainable dairy cattle selection in the genomic era

Boichard, Didier; Ducrocq, Vincent; Fritz, Sébastien

doi:10.1111/jbg.12150

Cited by 50 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Thus, genetic drift and the resulting loss of genetic diversity become somewhat controllable, if the specific population is monitored routinely. Boichard et al (2015) illustrated the potential of genomic information to increase genetic variance by targeted selection of rare variants. Since favorable but rare alleles can get lost due to genetic drift, the allocation of higher weights to these alleles could increase their frequency.…”

Section: Additional Aspects For Small Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review: Opportunities and challenges for small populations of dairy cattle in the era of genomics

Schöpke¹,

Swalve

2016

Animal

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In modern dairy cattle breeding, genomic breeding programs have the potential to increase efficiency and genetic gain. At the same time, the requirements and the availability of genotypes and phenotypes present a challenge. The set-up of a large enough reference population for genomic prediction is problematic for numerically small breeds but also for hard to measure traits. The first part of this study is a review of the current literature on strategies to overcome the lack of reference data. One solution is the use of combined reference populations from different breeds, different countries, or different research populations. Results reveal that the level of relationship between the merged populations is the most important factor. Compiling closely related populations facilitates the accurate estimation of marker effects and thus results in high accuracies of genomic prediction. Consequently, mixed reference populations of the same breed, but from different countries are more promising than combining different breeds, especially if those are more distantly related. The use of female reference information has the potential to enlarge the reference population size. Including females is advisable for small populations and difficult traits, and maybe combined with genotyping females and imputing those that are un-genotyped.The efficient use of imputation for un-genotyped individuals requires a set of genotyped related animals and well-considered selection strategies which animals to choose for genotyping and phenotyping. Small populations have to find ways to derive additional advantages from the cost-intensive establishment of genomic breeding schemes. Possible solutions may be the use of genomic information for inbreeding control, parentage verification, within-herd selection, adjusted mating plans or conservation strategies.The second part of the paper deals with the issue of high-quality phenotypes against the background of new, difficult and hard to measure traits. The use of contracted herds for phenotyping is recommended, as additional traits, when compared to standard traits used in dairy cattle breeding can be measured at set moments in time. This can be undertaken even for the recording of health traits, thus resulting in complete contemporary groups for health traits. Future traits to be recorded and used in genomic breeding programs, at least partly will be traits for which traditional selection based on widespread phenotyping is not possible. Enabling phenotyping of sufficient numbers to enable genomic selection will rely on cooperation between scientists from different disciplines and may require multidisciplinary approaches.

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Section: Additional Aspects For Small Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review: Opportunities and challenges for small populations of dairy cattle in the era of genomics

Schöpke¹,

Swalve

2016

Animal

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“…For this purpose, the number of females with own performance corresponding to a single progeny‐tested bull was obtained from Table of Boichard et al . (). Due to a lower number of progenies per progeny‐tested bull in the regional breeds, the reliability of these bulls was lower than that in the large dairy cattle breeds and was considered to be 60% here.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Genomic evaluation of regional dairy cattle breeds in single‐breed and multibreed contexts

Jonas

Ducrocq

Fritz³

et al. 2016

J Animal Breeding Genetics

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An important prerequisite for high prediction accuracy in genomic prediction is the availability of a large training population, which allows accurate marker effect estimation. This requirement is not fulfilled in case of regional breeds with a limited number of breeding animals. We assessed the efficiency of the current French routine genomic evaluation procedure in four regional breeds (Abondance, Tarentaise, French Simmental and Vosgienne) as well as the potential benefits when the training populations consisting of males and females of these breeds are merged to form a multibreed training population. Genomic evaluation was 5-11% more accurate than a pedigree-based BLUP in three of the four breeds, while the numerically smallest breed showed a < 1% increase in accuracy. Multibreed genomic evaluation was beneficial for two breeds (Abondance and French Simmental) with maximum gains of 5 and 8% in correlation coefficients between yield deviations and genomic estimated breeding values, when compared to the single-breed genomic evaluation results. Inflation of genomic evaluation of young candidates was also reduced. Our results indicate that genomic selection can be effective in regional breeds as well. Here, we provide empirical evidence proving that genetic distance between breeds is only one of the factors affecting the efficiency of multibreed genomic evaluation.

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“…I explore this issue by focusing on the emergence of genomic knowledge as a market object in the Finnish dairy cattle breeding market. Although genomic technologies have "revolutionized" most dairy cattle breeding programs in the world over the past few years (Boichard et al 2015), their use has not generated much public or academic interest. Over the past few years, genomic knowledge has become a highly marketable entity that entangles cattle, cattle owners, and organizations more tightly in international breeding networks and the lucrative markets of global biotechnological development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Making invisible cattle: commodifying genomic knowledge in dairy cattle breeding

Lonkila

2017

FJHAS

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Molecular genomics have revolutionized the dairy cattle breeding industry in recent years. Genomic technologies, seen as capable for solving challenges ranging from farm viability to animal health and sustainability, have restructured dairy breeding networks and markets globally and transformed relationships between humans, non-human animals, and technologies. Furthermore, they have created possibilities for increased commercialization and appropriation of breeding practices and the intensified objectification and machination of animals. In this paper I combine the theories of market creation and commodification to understand how the 'genomic market' was created in Finnish dairy cattle breeding and examine the repercussions of this development within dairy production more broadly. By drawing on textual and interview data by breeding companies and cattle owners, I explore how genomic knowledge becomes stabilized and objectified as a commodity. I also examine how cattle owners and cattle become requalified as actors within this market and how they co-produce and contest the process in significant ways. My results indicate that the commodification of genomic knowledge contributes to a powerful reinterpretation of Finnish dairy production and can have important moral and material repercussions for human and non-human animal lives within those networks.

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Sustainable dairy cattle selection in the genomic era

Cited by 50 publications

References 25 publications

Review: Opportunities and challenges for small populations of dairy cattle in the era of genomics

Review: Opportunities and challenges for small populations of dairy cattle in the era of genomics

Genomic evaluation of regional dairy cattle breeds in single‐breed and multibreed contexts

Making invisible cattle: commodifying genomic knowledge in dairy cattle breeding

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