Sustainable Data Governance for Cooperative, Connected and Automated Mobility in the European Union

Abstract

The article focuses on the issue of data governance in connected vehicles through a novel analysis of current legal frameworks in the European Union. The analysis of relevant legislation, judicial decisions, and doctrines is supplemented by discussions relating to associated sustainability issues. Relevant notions of autonomous vehicles are analyzed, and a respective legal framework is introduced. Although fully automated vehicles are a matter for the future, the time to regulate is now. The European Union aims to create cooperative, connected, and automated mobility based on cooperation between different interconnected types of machinery. The essence of the system is data flow, as data governance in connected vehicles is one of the most intensively discussed themes nowadays. This triggers a need to analyze relevant legal frameworks in connection with fundamental rights and freedoms. Replacing human decision-making with artificial intelligence has the capacity to erode long-held and protected social and cultural values, such as the autonomy of individuals as has already been in evidence in legislation. Finally, the article deals with the issue of responsibility and liability of different actors involved in processing personal data according to the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) applied to the environment of connected and automated vehicle (CAV) smart infrastructure. Based on a definition and analysis of three model situations, we point out that in several cases of processing personal data within the CAV, it proves extremely demanding to determine the liable entity, due to the functional and relatively broad interpretation of the concept of joint controllers, in terms of the possibility of converging decisions on the purposes and means of processing within the vehicles discussed.

Self-Driving Vehicles. A Perspective on Ethics

“…679 of April 27, 2016(European Parliament & European Council, 2016. "Existing legislation already imposes requirements regarding the security of stand-alone or automated systems, so that they become sufficiently secure communication-wise, with other entities, and integrity, confidentiality and availability of information are not compromised" (Andraško et al, 2021).…”

Driving Sustainability: Carbon Footprint, 3D Printing, and Legislation concerning Electric and Autonomous Vehicles

“…Although fully automated vehicles are a matter for the future, the time to regulate them is now. The European Union (EU) aims to create cooperative, connected, and automated mobility based on cooperation between different interconnected types of machinery [7].…”

Research on Data Governance System for Information Sharing and Openness

“…Data has become a powerful weapon to promote the development of enterprises". At present, enterprises generate various types of data in the course of their operations, and their quantity is huge [4][5][6][7]. Data is an important basis for enterprise analysis and decision-making, and its quality directly affects the results of data analysis and mining, which in turn determines the direction of enterprise development [8][9][10].…”