“…Firstly, interior design education has lagged in integrating some aspects of sustainability, such as solar energy use, which is not taught in detail (Zuo et al, 2010). Secondly, there is a heavy focus on the technical-solution driven approach, which means adopting only prescribed solutions from available green design standards (Lee, 2014), rather than letting students formulate their own answers based on a critical analysissynthesis-evaluation process. Thirdly, most of the studies on and concerns for sustainability in interior design explore curriculum and student awareness issues (Fischer & McAdams, 2015), and do not address instructional models, such as how to endow students with real-world sustainability skills, including effective reasoning process, self-directed learning, critical awareness of physical, social and economic dimensions of sustainable design and innovative project development.…”