Sustainable energy development and greenhouse gas emissions in an island power system

SUMMARY Energy consumption has risen in Malaysia because of developing strategies and increasing rate of population. Depletion of fossil fuel resources, fluctuation in the crude oil prices, and emersion of new environmental problems due to greenhouse gasses effects of fossil fuel combustion have convinced governments to invest in development of power generation based on renewable and sustainable energy (RSE) resources. Recently, power generation from RSE resources has been taken into account in the energy mix of every country to supply the annual electricity demand. In this paper, the scenario of the energy mix of Malaysia and the role of RSE resources in power generation are studied. Major RSE sources, namely biomass and biogas, hydro‐electricity, solar energy, and wind energy, are discussed, focusing more toward the electrical energy demand for electrification. It is found that power generation based on biomass and biogas utilization, solar power generation, and hydropower has enough spaces for more development in Malaysia. Moreover, minihydropower and wind power generation could be effective for rural regions of Malaysia. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Section: Renewable and Sustainable Energy In Malaysiamentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of renewable and sustainable energy in the energy mix of Malaysia: a review

Hosseini

Wahid

2014

“…Purcell et al . investigated the options for the sustainable development of the energy supply system in an island environment to reduce greenhouse gas emissions . McEvoy et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of reservation capacity in critical peak pricing electricity demand response program for sustainable manufacturing systems

Bego

Sun

2013

SUMMARY Electricity demand response is considered an effective approach to balance the electricity demand and supply with existing infrastructure of generation, transmission, and distribution. A majority of existing literature on the electricity demand response has mainly centered on the commercial and residential building sectors while the application for the industrial sector is largely neglected. This paper presents a methodology for the application of a typical demand response program, Critical Peak Pricing (CPP) program, for the manufacturing enterprises. The configuration of the reservation capacity (in kilowatt, kW) in the CPP program, which plays a critical role in the cost of the final bill charge, will be identified by optimal production scheduling for the typical manufacturing systems with multiple machines and buffers. Mixed Integer Nonlinear Programming formulation is used to establish the mathematical model with the objective to minimize the electricity bill cost as well as the potential penalty cost due to the non‐fulfillment of the target production. An approximate technique is introduced to find a near optimal solution, and a numerical case study is used to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

“…The greenhouse gas content in the atmosphere has greatly increased during the last few decades because of man-made activities such as coal power generation [1] According to scientists' estimations [2][3][4][5], it is necessary to sequestrate trillions of tons of CO 2 by the end of this century to maintain a safe CO 2 level in the atmosphere. Therefore, various CO 2 sequestration methods are being tested: (1) in depleted oil and gas reservoirs; (ii) in saline aquifers; (iii) in deep ocean beds; (iv) as mineral carbonates; and (v) in deep un-mineable coal beds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon dioxide sequestration effects on coal's hydro-mechanical properties: a review

Perera

Ranjith

2012

SUMMARY Carbon dioxide (CO2) sequestration in deep un‐minable coal seam causes the seam's permeability and strength to be significantly reduced because of CO2 adsorption‐induced matrix swelling. This paper reviews this swelling process in coal and its influence on coal's flow and strength properties. The amount of swelling depends on the properties of both the gas and the coal mass. The swelling caused by CO2 adsorption is higher compared with that caused by CH4 and N2 and greatly depends on the state of the CO2 phase. The super‐critical state of CO2 adsorption causes greater swelling compared with the sub‐critical state. It has been observed that the swelling rate increases with increasing CO2 pressure; however, high saturation pressures may cause the coal matrix to shrink. The swelling rate reduces with increasing temperature, and the effect of coal rank on swelling still remains unclear. The CO2 adsorption‐induced swelling effect causes the coal mass permeability to be significantly reduced, and the reduction is significant for super‐critical CO2.The effect of swelling on coal permeability reduces with increasing temperature. The coal matrix swelling and associated polymer structure re‐arrangement occur in the coal mass during and after the CO2 injection, resulting in the weakening of the coal mass strength. The strength reduction is much higher for high rank coal compared with low rank coal. It is also observed that the influence of super‐critical CO2 on strength is more powerful than that of sub‐critical CO2. Although CO2 sequestration in deep coal seams has been carried out in several main coal seams in the USA, Australia and some other countries, none of these projects has achieved the original target of storing large amounts of CO2, possibly because initial analysis did take into account the effects of coal seam property changes because of the adsorption of CO2 during and after injection. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.