Sustainable energy development in Nigeria: Wind, hydropower, geothermal and nuclear (Vol. 1)

Brimmo, Ayoola T.; Sodiq, Ahmed; Sofela, Samuel; Kolo, Isa

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2016.11.162

Cited by 45 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…This is, at best, a lofty and faulty estimate, Open Access Library Journal as the authors did not clearly express or provide any analysis to demonstrate the manner in which they arrived at such an estimate. Furthermore, as there have been no known downhole geothermal explorations and data for the various sites in Nigeria, it is perhaps impossible to fully ascertain a 500 MW estimate, particularly an estimate based on temperature [18]. In fact, in [19], and buttressing the work of [9], it was determined that parts of the Niger Delta Basin, in which sig-Open Access Library Journal nificant oil and gas drilling has occurred, has heat flow values of less than 100 mW/m 2 (100 mW/m 2 being the minimum standard for a viable geothermal source).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Low-Enthalpy Geothermal Springs for Power Generation—An Alternative Approach

Amoo¹

2019

OALib

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The Earth is under increasing stress owing to carbon emissions. Clean energy forms constitute an area of increasing technological interest. Geothermal energy is a clean alternative energy form that can be harnessed from the Earth's core. The use of geothermal energy resources is gaining substantial interest in many countries, as an integral part of 21 st century clean energy solutions and meeting stringent emission requirements. The objective of this research is to investigate an alternative approach to clean and renewable geothermal energy utilization through geothermal ground water pressure applied within a water turbine. The groundwater pressure from the candidate geothermal sites considered is applied to drive a water turbine for the generation of electrical energy. The geothermal candidate sites are low-temperature (i.e. <60˚C) geothermal springs, where it is not beneficial to apply low temperatures in a Rankine cycle steam turbine due to the low enthalpy. Simple calculations are conducted to estimate the electrical energy output of each candidate site. This may technically be regarded as a thermodynamic problem, albeit one that does not require full thermodynamic cycle analysis. The results of the simple non-rigorous analysis indicate that the electrical energy generation potential is greater when using geothermal water pressure (2.5 MW e ) than when using low geothermal temperature (0.005 MW e ).particularly high projected increase in energy demand. The deployment of alternative and clean energy forms will undoubtedly enhance socio-economic conditions, and over time, climate changes will also be reduced (that is, by preventing anthropogenic greenhouse gases from fossil fuels and the resulting warming).According to World Bank estimates, countries in SSA experience annual electrical power outages ranging from 50 h to 4600 h, which can be juxtaposed with the 8760 h available in a year. As a result, the majority of the populace rely on diesel-or-petrol generated internal combustion engine (ICE) to meet electrical energy needs. However, the cost of using such generators is significant. In the most populous nation in Africa, namely Nigeria, the mean net cost of electrical energy from ICE generators is approximately $14 billion annually, whereas in a smaller nation like Senegal it is approximately $4 million annually. These estimates are also higher than the cost of grid electricity. Also, in Nigeria, the unreliable electricity, costs the economy over $25 billion annually. The broader implications thereof include pollutant emissions that endanger both the environment and human health [1] [2].One of the many means of addressing the electrical energy deficit and improving the environment in developing nations may be through the use of renewable energy forms, such as geothermal energy. Diversifying energy resource generation will enhance energy security and help build an all-encompassing base in the mid-to-long-term energy situation. For example, according to the US Energy Information Administration, as of 2018, car...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This estimate suggests that the basin may not be viable as a geothermal source. It is also notable that approximately 135˚C is the minimum adequate temperature for electrical energy generation using geothermal heat [18].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Enthalpy Geothermal Springs for Power Generation—An Alternative Approach

Amoo¹

2019

OALib

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“…Because of the use of fossil fuel in conventional generation of energy, non-ecological friendly gases like CO2, SO2 and NOx negatively affect the environment, resulting in global warming [9]. According to the IEA (International Energy Agency) report, 100Gt (Gigatons) of CO2 emission during the period of 2008 to 2050 could be prevented using renewable energy technology especially Solar-PV [10]. The sun radiates energy in all directions uniformly in close harmony with Plank's blackbody radiation equation.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considering this fact, there is huge energy market in Nigeria because of the gap between current energy production and demand for energy. The sustainable option is to meet this demand with available renewable energy mix to reduce pollution, which hydropower is on the front burner in present-day Nigeria [4]. Major parts of Nigeria's population are rural dwellers and are not connected to conventional grid either due to difficult terrain or bad roads [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Distributed Hybrid Renewable Energy Resources in Power Network: Study of Madangho---Escravos

Eseosa¹,

Thompson²

2018

IJEAS

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In Nigeria, major urban communities are supplied electricity through conventional grid systems, leaving majority in remote rural communities with little or no supply. Hence, diesel and petrol generators become means of generating electricity for these small remote villages for their livelihood and survival. This has resulted to gradual environmental change; global warming because of large fossil fuel emissions etc. Renewable Energy (RE) is abundant in nature and can provide unlimited clean energy to run the day-today electricity services in order to enhance socioeconomic life of these rural dwellers. The research study is Madangho-Escravos, a remote rural community located at the coastline of Atlantic Ocean, in Niger Delta region of Nigeria. Available RE sources in Madangho are solar, wind, tidal and biomass. Distributed Hybrid Renewable Energy Sources (DHRES) comprising of Solar, wind and diesel generator were modeled using HOMER Software. Solar irradiance and wind speed data for Madangho-Escravos were collected from NIMET Osubi Airport. DHRES optimization indicated its feasibility and viability with low (Net Present Cost) NPC, Operating and Maintenance cost, and Cost of Electricity (COE) compared to conventional grid system.

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“…The issue of energy sustainability is a global problem that the world is facing. It has driven renewable energy considerations to combat energy shortage [1]. Moreover, environmental issues coming in the path of sustainable development which drives the green energy resources to play a very crucial role [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An ANP (Analytic Network Process)-based Multi-Criteria Decision Approach for The Selection of Sugar-Cane Industry Development

Gani

Hantoro

2018

IJPS

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Acknowledging the issue of energy sustainability, the sugar industry has begun to look at plans to sell electricity to address energy sustainability issues. A scenario with the potential to sell excess electricity motivates this research to analyze the strategies of the sugar industry development. In such situations an ANP approach is applied for the selection of appropriate strategies. This study analyzes the potential for electricity sales in two alternative plant development strategies of three sugarcane industries which from the results, Strategy A (cogeneration scheme) allows to sell electricity for 223-293 days while strategy B (independent power plant scheme) allows to sell throughout the year. The result also shows that by using ANP, it is found that strategy A is better than strategy B.

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Sustainable energy development in Nigeria: Wind, hydropower, geothermal and nuclear (Vol. 1)

Cited by 45 publications

References 59 publications

Low-Enthalpy Geothermal Springs for Power Generation—An Alternative Approach

Low-Enthalpy Geothermal Springs for Power Generation—An Alternative Approach

Optimization of Distributed Hybrid Renewable Energy Resources in Power Network: Study of Madangho---Escravos

An ANP (Analytic Network Process)-based Multi-Criteria Decision Approach for The Selection of Sugar-Cane Industry Development

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