Sustainable harvest: managing plasticity for resilient crops

Bloomfield, Justin A; Rose, Terry J.; King, Graham J.

doi:10.1111/pbi.12198

Cited by 37 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 252 publications

(304 reference statements)

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“…While the mechanisms of tolerance to transient drought stress during flowering are not fully understood, the flower buds may be a source of systemic signals under drought stress that have long‐term impacts on plant growth and reproduction – such as a change in transcription factors as a result of the stress response (Bloomfield et al. ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, yield components such as pod and seed number, flower and pod abortion, biomass and water use efficiency are considered as alternative indicators of drought tolerance as they are directly linked to plant growth and seed production (Turner , Blum , Bloomfield et al. ). However, self‐incompatibility is a natural characteristic which prevents self‐fertilisation in many B. rapa accessions (Takayama et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genotypic Variation for Tolerance to Transient Drought During the Reproductive Phase of Brassica rapa

Guo

Turner

Chen

et al. 2014

J Agronomy Crop Science

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Brassica rapa L. is a genetically diverse parent species of the allotetraploid species, oilseed rape (B. napus) and a potential source of drought tolerance for B. napus. We examined the effect of a 13‐day drought stress period during the early reproductive phase, relative to a well‐watered (WW) control, on subsequent growth and development in nine accessions of B. rapa and one accession of Brassica juncea selected for their wide morphological and genetic diversity. We measured leaf water potential, stomatal conductance, water use, and leaf and bud temperatures during the stress period and aboveground dry weight of total biomass at maturity. Dry weight of seeds and reproductive tissue were not useful measures of drought tolerance due to self‐incompatibility in B. rapa. The relative total biomass (used as the measure of drought tolerance in this study) of the 10 accessions exposed to drought stress ranged from 47 % to 117 % of the WW treatment and was negatively correlated with leaf‐to‐air and bud‐to‐air temperature difference when averaged across the 13‐day stress period. Two wild‐type (B. rapa ssp. sylvestris) accessions had higher relative total and non‐reproductive biomass at maturity and cooler leaves and buds than other types. We conclude that considerable genotypic variation for drought tolerance exists in B. rapa and cooler leaves and buds during a transient drought stress in the early reproductive phase may be a useful screening tool for drought tolerance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotypic Variation for Tolerance to Transient Drought During the Reproductive Phase of Brassica rapa

Guo

Turner

Chen

et al. 2014

J Agronomy Crop Science

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“…; Kissoudis et al . ), or having greater plasticity (Bloomfield, Rose & King ). Some crops, such as maize, exhibit local adaptation to more extreme climates (Butler & Huybers ), which provides a similar resource.…”

Section: Approaches To Enhancing Resiliencementioning

confidence: 99%

Resilience and food security: rethinking an ecological concept

et al. 2017

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Reading RG6 6AS, UK Summary 1. Focusing on food production, in this paper we define resilience in the food security context as maintaining production of sufficient and nutritious food in the face of chronic and acute environmental perturbations. In agri-food systems, resilience is manifest over multiple spatial scales: field, farm, regional and global. Metrics comprise production and nutritional diversity as well as socioeconomic stability of food supply. 2. Approaches to enhancing resilience show a progression from more ecologically based methods at small scales to more socially based interventions at larger scales. At the field scale, approaches include the use of mixtures of crop varieties, livestock breeds and forage species, polycultures and boosting ecosystem functions. Stress-tolerant crops, or with greater plasticity, provide technological solutions. 3. At the farm scale, resilience may be conferred by diversifying crops and livestock and by farmers implementing adaptive approaches in response to perturbations. Biodiverse landscapes may enhance resilience, but the evidence is weak. At regional to global scales, resilient food systems will be achieved by coordination and implementation of resilience approaches among farms, advice to farmers and targeted research. 4. Synthesis. Threats to food production are predicted to increase under climate change and land degradation. Holistic responses are needed that integrate across spatial scales. Ecological knowledge is critical, but should be implemented alongside agronomic solutions and socio-economic transformations.

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“…Subject areas included in the search were "Agricultural and Biological Sciences" (64), "Computer Science" (4), "Earth and Planetary Sciences" (60), "Environmental Science" (147), and "Social Sciences" (19). Only journal articles in English, French and German language were considered.…”

Section: Systematic Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further breeding goals for adaptation can include tolerances to flooding, drought or increased salinity as well as water-and nutrient-use-efficiencies. Also, the ability of crops to adapt their phenotype to changing environmental conditions (phenotypic plasticity) can be considered a desirable trait when breeding for climate-resilient crops [19,20].…”

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confidence: 99%

Adapting Agricultural Production Systems to Climate Change—What’s the Use of Models?

Holzkämper

2017

Agriculture

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Climate change poses a challenge to agricultural production and its impacts vary depending on regional focus and on the type of production system. To avoid production losses and make use of emerging potentials, adaptations in agricultural management will inevitably be required. Adaptation responses can broadly be distinguished into (1) short-term incremental responses that farmers often choose autonomously in response to observed changes and based on local knowledge and experiences, and (2) long-term transformative responses that require strategic planning, and which are usually implemented at a larger spatial scale. Models can be used to support decision making at both response levels; thereby, different features of models prove more or less valuable depending on the type of adaptation response. This paper presents a systematic literature review on the state-of-the-art in modelling for adaptation planning in agricultural production systems, investigating the question of which model types can be distinguished and how these types differ in the way they support decision making in agricultural adaptation planning. Five types of models are distinguished: (1) empirical crop models; (2) regional suitability models; (3) biophysical models; (4) meta-models; and (5) decision models. The potential and limitations of these model types for providing decision-support to short-and long-term adaptation planning are discussed. The risk of maladaptation-adaptation that implies negative consequences either in the long term or in a wider context-is identified as a key challenge of adaptation planning that needs more attention. Maladaptation is not only a risk of decision making in the face of incomplete knowledge of future climate impacts on the agricultural production system; but it can also be a threat if the connectedness of the agroecosystem is not sufficiently acknowledged when management adaptations are implemented. Future research supporting climate change adaptation efforts should thus be based on integrated assessments of risk and vulnerabilities (considering climate variability and uncertainty). To secure adaptation success in the long term, frameworks for monitoring management adaptations and their consequences should be institutionalised.

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Sustainable harvest: managing plasticity for resilient crops

Cited by 37 publications

References 252 publications

Genotypic Variation for Tolerance to Transient Drought During the Reproductive Phase of Brassica rapa

Genotypic Variation for Tolerance to Transient Drought During the Reproductive Phase of Brassica rapa

Resilience and food security: rethinking an ecological concept

Adapting Agricultural Production Systems to Climate Change—What’s the Use of Models?

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