Sustainable hydrogen production options and the role of IAHE

Dinçer, İbrahim; Zamfirescu, Calin

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.02.133

Cited by 177 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…The global hydrogen market is currently valued at approximately $420-500 billion annually with a 20% yearly growth rate [16,30]. Currently, approximately $107 billion per annum is spent globally by the petrochemical industry in producing hydrogen as shown in Figure 7.…”

Section: [Table 1]mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sankey-Diagram-based insights into the hydrogen economy of today

Bakenne

Nuttall

Kazantzis

2016

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

106

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Many posit a distinct role for hydrogen within the purview of a future low-carbon, renewables-based transportation system. However, hydrogen is already established as an important energy resource and industrial product displaying versatility of uses and roles in the energy system. In this work, we develop and present an original Sankey-Diagram-based analytical framework aiming at identifying and characterizing key structural aspects of the real hydrogen economy as it exists today (2004 -2015). We include global hydrogen demand and supply, assorted energy flows, as well as the costs of production and we consider value flows. We suggest that potentially evolutionary trends can be insightfully elucidated via a systems perspective on the existing global hydrogen economy. Perhaps counterintuitively, we build upon suggestions that the best prospects for the evolutionary emergence of a robust hydrogen economy could arise in a world of cheap and abundant oil rather than in a world of oil scarcity and rising fossil fuel prices. Furthermore, in the long term (2050), if global oil supply continues to be ample and environmental pressures intensify, then there will be a need for new and more aggressive energy policies and enhanced pressure for rapid technological innovation including in the domain of hydrogen. The information presented in this paper, however, reminds us of the situation as it applies today. Approximately 96% of global hydrogen is a product of fossil fuel, while 35% is required by the fossil fuel industry for its own purposes. This indirect connection between hydrogen economy and global fossil fuel industry will continue to shape the future of hydrogen economy for decades to come. Currently, over $107 billion/annum is spent globally by the petrochemical industry in producing hydrogen, suggesting the scale as well as the irreducible aspects and inherent synergies associated with the aforementioned connection

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Section: [Table 1]mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sankey-Diagram-based insights into the hydrogen economy of today

Bakenne

Nuttall

Kazantzis

2016

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

106

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“…Among biomass-to-hydrogen processes, production through biomass gasification is highly efficient and could reduce dependence on fossil feedstock and, as a consequence, emissions of fossil CO 2 [12]. Compared to the processes discussed previously, biomass gasification is also the route that is the most likely to comply with the availability and productivity requirements of a refinery.…”

Section: Hydrogen For Oil Refiningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration and Evaluation

Kossiakoff¹,

Sweet²,

Seymour³

et al. 2011

Systems Engineering Principles and Practice

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“…However, hydrogen can be obtained from many resources which are mentioned in Fig. 1 [14]. Currently, most of the produced hydrogen is obtained from reforming of fossil fuels but sustainable hydrogen which is produced from renewable resources can be the sufficient objective for reaching sustainable energy development and energy security [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrothermal gasification of different agricultural wastes in supercritical water media for hydrogen production: a comparative study

et al. 2016

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Conversion of different agricultural residues including almond shell, walnut shell, barley straw, canola stalk, rice straw and wheat straw to hydrogen-rich gas was performed via gasification in supercritical water media in a determined condition. Elemental characterization was performed using CHNSO analyzer. Besides, cellulose and lignin contents in biomass structure were determined according to TAPPI test methods T264cm-97 and T222om-02, respectively. The correlations between the yields of the product gas components with C/H/O ratio in the initial forms of used feedstocks were investigated. In addition, the relation between the components of biomass structure with the yields of main gaseous products was also studied for each feedstock. The maximum hydrogen yield of 8.38 mmol/g was observed for barley straw which has the highest H percentage of 6.5 wt%. Canola stalk with the highest C/H ratio showed the highest total gas yield of 25.3 mmol/g. Canola stalk with highest amount of cellulose and hemicellulose of 67.42 % had the highest CGE of 45 % and barley straw had the highest HGE of 20 %. Higher C/H value and lower oxygen percentage in the initial form of feedstocks resulted in higher total gas and CO 2 yields and lower hydrogen yields. Lignin content in the initial form of the feedstocks was inversely proportional with total gas yields whereas cellulose content showed a straight relation with the total gas yield.

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Sustainable hydrogen production options and the role of IAHE

Cited by 177 publications

References 56 publications

Sankey-Diagram-based insights into the hydrogen economy of today

Sankey-Diagram-based insights into the hydrogen economy of today

Integration and Evaluation

Hydrothermal gasification of different agricultural wastes in supercritical water media for hydrogen production: a comparative study

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