Sustainable, Low Flammability, Mechanically-Strong Poly(vinyl alcohol) Aerogels

Cheng, Zhihan; Degracia, Kimberly C; Schiraldi, David A.

doi:10.3390/polym10101102

Cited by 25 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 36 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The main decomposition step occurred between 150-500 • C. The onset decomposition temperature was evaluated by Td 5% . With the addition of NaOH, the onset temperature decreased, which is consistent with previously reported observations [31,33]. We propose that NaOH is acting as a base catalyst at the elevated temperatures associated with burning polymers.…”

Section: Thermal Stability and Degradation Mechanismsupporting

confidence: 92%

Reduction of PVA Aerogel Flammability by Incorporation of an Alkaline Catalyst

Cheng

Guo

Chen

et al. 2021

Gels

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sodium hydroxide was used as a base catalyst to reduce the flammability of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) aerogels. The base-modified aerogels exhibited significantly enhanced compressive moduli, likely resulting in decreased gallery spacing and increased numbers of “struts” in their structures. The onset of decomposition temperature decreased for the PVA aerogels in the presence of the base, which appears to hinder the polymer pyrolysis process, leading instead to the facile formation of dense char. Cone calorimetry testing showed a dramatic decrease in heat release when the base was added. The results indicate that an unexpected base-catalyzed dehydration occurs at fire temperatures, which is the opposite of the chemistry normally observed under typical synthesis conditions.

show abstract

Section: Thermal Stability and Degradation Mechanismsupporting

confidence: 92%

Reduction of PVA Aerogel Flammability by Incorporation of an Alkaline Catalyst

Cheng

Guo

Chen

et al. 2021

Gels

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…2 wt% TA-MoS2/PAN [36] 2.9 332.8 N/A N/A 12.1 N/A N/A BPC/5FR@5HNT [37] 30.8 723.0 N/A N/A 136.6 N/A N/A PU-TA@RG05 [38] N/A 235.23 ± 3.78 N/A N/A 21.72 ± 0.42 N/A N/A P5/T2/S [32] 7 166 37 4.5 7.5 N/A N/A systems. However, when compared to one another, no one system completely outperforms our TA composites, with few even getting close.…”

Section: Quantitative Flammability Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, one term that the authors believe can show insight into the composites is the THR/mass loss term. Inspired by CC data analysis in the work of Cheng et al, [ 32 ] composite heat release per unit of mass lost during combustion is obtained by simply dividing total heat release by mass loss. This dynamic term shows a very similar value for PER and TA, both of which are noticeably lower than that of epoxy control.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tannic acid based super‐intumescent coatings for prolonged fire protection of cardboard and wood

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Tannic acid (TA) has gained increased attention in recent years for its application in fire safety due to its natural abundance and char‐forming ability. In this paper, TA‐based composites were developed and evaluated against control composites containing pentaerythritol (PER), a common intumescent char‐forming agent. Individual component analysis was performed to provide a fundamental material understanding, followed by compounding in epoxy resin with other intumescent ingredients for intumescent testing (especially compared against PER control). In all TA systems, time to failure was elongated from seconds or minutes to over 15 min (up to 27 min). Quantitative analysis followed using cone calorimetry. TA composites displayed lower peak heat release values (211 vs. 108 kW/m2), lower total heat release values (37.2 vs. 24.4 MJ/m2), and lower fire growth rates (2.43 vs. 1.27 kW/m2s−1) relative to PER composites. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis revealed that TA char is more carbonaceous, containing 54.71 at% C (relative to only 39.63 at% C in PER char). This work presents TA‐containing composites that offer superior fire protection as compared to previous reports using TA composites and hence offer significant advancement in fire protection related and packaging industries.

show abstract

“…The morphology of a layered ice matrix can influence the final morphology of the aerogel to be layered, helping to open up the internal space even better. Schiraldi et al studied the effect of frozen water morphology on the aerogel structure [30][31][32].…”

Section: Carbon Aerogelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Carbon Materials Derived from Polybenzoxazines: A Review

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This comprehensive review article summarizes the key properties and applications of advanced carbonaceous materials obtained from polybenzoxazines. Identification of several thermal degradation products that arose during carbonization allowed for several different mechanisms (both competitive ones and independent ones) of carbonization, while also confirming the thermal stability of benzoxazines. Electrochemical properties of polybenzoxazine-derived carbon materials were also examined, noting particularly high pseudocapacitance and charge stability that would make benzoxazines suitable as electrodes. Carbon materials from benzoxazines are also highly versatile and can be synthesized and prepared in a number of ways including as films, foams, nanofibers, nanospheres, and aerogels/xerogels, some of which provide unique properties. One example of the special properties is that materials can be porous not only as aerogels and xerogels, but as nanofibers with highly tailorable porosity, controlled through various preparation techniques including, but not limited to, the use of surfactants and silica nanoparticles. In addition to the high and tailorable porosity, benzoxazines have several properties that make them good for numerous applications of the carbonized forms, including electrodes, batteries, gas adsorbents, catalysts, shielding materials, and intumescent coatings, among others. Extreme thermal and electrical stability also allows benzoxazines to be used in harsher conditions, such as in aerospace applications.

show abstract

Sustainable, Low Flammability, Mechanically-Strong Poly(vinyl alcohol) Aerogels

Cited by 25 publications

References 36 publications

Reduction of PVA Aerogel Flammability by Incorporation of an Alkaline Catalyst

Reduction of PVA Aerogel Flammability by Incorporation of an Alkaline Catalyst

Tannic acid based super‐intumescent coatings for prolonged fire protection of cardboard and wood

Advanced Carbon Materials Derived from Polybenzoxazines: A Review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About