Sustainable metal catalysis in C H activation

A Sustainable, User‐Friendly Protocol for the Pd‐Free Sonogashira Coupling Reaction

“…The straightforward and step‐economical nature of some of these protocols makes them ideal for industrial applications. Along these lines, the replacement of noble transition metal catalysts with low‐cost, environmentally benign and abundant transition metal catalytic systems is a highly attractive strategy, increasing the sustainability of chemical transformations , …”

Co (II)‐C12 alkyl carbon chain multi‐functional ionic liquid immobilized on nano‐SiO2 nano‐SiO2@CoCl3‐C12IL as an efficient cooperative catalyst for C–H activation by direct acylation of aryl halides with aldehydes

“…The C–H activation is a very useful tool in functionalization of C–H to C = O bond, which is characteristic of mild conditions, easily availability and high selectivity . Aryl ketones are important compounds in the production of a variety of chemicals such as medicines, dyes, natural products, etc .…”

“…The C-H activation is a very useful tool in functionalization of C-H to C = O bond, which is characteristic of mild conditions, easily availability and high selectivity. [1] Aryl ketones are important compounds in the production of a variety of chemicals such as medicines, dyes, natural products, etc. [2][3][4] Therefore, numerous methods have been developed for the preparation of these molecules, [1,5] and a powerful method constitutes the aldehyde C-H activation by direct acylation of aryl halides with aldehydes.…”

“…[2][3][4] Therefore, numerous methods have been developed for the preparation of these molecules, [1,5] and a powerful method constitutes the aldehyde C-H activation by direct acylation of aryl halides with aldehydes. [1] Several methods have been developed for the preparation of aryl ketones by the aldehydes C-H activation, using catalysts including Pd(dba) 2 , [6] N-heterocyclic carbenes, [7] Pd(OAc) 2 , [8] Pd(dba) 3 , [9] Ni(dppe)Br 2 /Zn, [10] Pdη 2 -(P-S)Cl 2 , [11] quaternary ammonium salt, [12] (N-heterocyclic carbene)Pd, [13] and others. [14] Unfortunately, most of these methods suffer from some lacks such as using expensive ligands, toxic reagents, harsh reaction conditions, tedious work-up, and difficulties recovering and recycling catalysts.…”

“…, entries[1][2][3][4]. The best results were obtained when the reaction was performed using CoCl 3 -based nano-silica supported IL catalyst (Table 1, entry 2).…”