Sustainable phenolic thermosets coatings derived from urushiol

Xia, Jianrong; Xue, Hanyu; Gao, Renjin; Zhang, Yuchi; Lin, Qi

doi:10.1002/pen.25593

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The residual mass of the resin at 780°C was 47.4%. A similar effect is also reported for the urushiol‐formaldehyde‐based resol‐type phenolic resin 25 …”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 81%

Synthesis and properties of biophenol‐furfural based bioresin for curing of styrene butadiene rubber

Koley

Chattopadhyay

Bhowmick

2023

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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In the present work, biophenol and furfural‐based resol resin was synthesized and utilized for the very first time to cure styrene butadiene rubber (SBR). The reaction was studied over a range of times, temperatures, pH, and furfural to biophenol ratios to fix the optimum conditions. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy revealed the functional groups and chemical structure of the synthesized resin, respectively. An exothermic peak for the resin curing appeared at 143°C in the differential scanning calorimetry thermogram of the resin. Then, the biophenol‐furfural resin was utilized for the curing of SBR. The synthesized resin increased the tensile strength of the raw rubber from 0.20 ± 0.01 MPa to 1.22 ± 0.10 MPa at 10 phr loading, and the crosslink density was 2.56 × 10−5 mol/mL. The activation energy for curing SBR containing 10 phr resin was 97 kJ/mol. The storage modulus of the resin‐cured compound was improved. The glass transition temperature of the raw SBR was also shifted from −43.8 to −42.3°C when 10 phr resin was used for the curing. Hence, for the first time, this work reported the utilization of biophenol‐biosourced furfural resin to cure rubbers.

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“…The residual mass of the resin at 780°C was 47.4%. A similar effect is also reported for the urushiol‐formaldehyde‐based resol‐type phenolic resin 25 …”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 81%

Synthesis and properties of biophenol‐furfural based bioresin for curing of styrene butadiene rubber

Koley

Chattopadhyay

Bhowmick

2023

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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“…Urushiol, the main film‐forming material of raw lacquer, is catechol with long side carbon chain. Using the structural characteristics and special chemical properties, urushiol can be copolymerized with other polymers to prepare urushiol‐based polymers with excellent physical and chemical properties [3,8,10,38,39] . For example, via water‐assisted assembly process, urushiol–formaldehyde polymer (UFP) films were successfully prepared on solid substrates by Xu et al., [39] and the results suggest that the as‐prepared UFP films had hydrophobic property and good acid‐alkali resistance.…”

Section: Modification Of the Raw Lacquermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using the structural characteristics and special chemical properties, urushiol can be copolymerized with other polymers to prepare urushiol-based polymers with excellent physical and chemical properties. [3,8,10,38,39] For example, via water-assisted assembly process, urushiol-formaldehyde polymer (UFP) films were successfully prepared on solid substrates by Xu et al, [39] and the results suggest that the as-prepared UFP films had hydrophobic property and good acid-alkali resistance. Furthermore, they fabricated microporous films of urushiol-formaldehyde diethylenetriamine polymer (UFDP) with different morphologies via the breath figures approach.…”

Section: Copolymerization With Other Polymer Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Progress on Modification and Application of Raw Lacquer

Fang

2022

ChemistrySelect

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Raw lacquer is a kind of natural polymer coating with excellent performance. The lacquer film formed after drying of pure natural raw lacquer has the advantages of hard quality, heat resistance and corrosion resistance. However, natural raw lacquer also has some disadvantages. For example, it must be dried at a specific temperature and humidity to form a film, difficult to spray, dark color, poor alkali resistance, easy to cause human skin allergy and so on. Due to urushiol is the main film‐forming material in raw lacquer, its performance and drying film‐forming process will directly affect the properties of the lacquer film. Taking advantage of the particularity of its structure, urushiol can be modified in its drying film‐forming process, so as to speed up its drying film‐forming process or obtain a modified lacquer film with excellent performance. Thus, the research on raw lacquer and its modification mainly focuses on the modification of urushiol, the main film‐forming substance of the raw lacquer. This paper reviews the modification and combined methods of the natural urushiol by researchers in recent years, mainly including urushiol polymerization catalyzed by proton acid, urushiol polymerization initiated by UV irradiation, copolymerized with other polymer materials, reacted with metal compounds to form urushiol metal polymers, and formed composite coatings with multi‐wall carbon nanotubes, graphene oxide, nano‐TiO2 and so on. The modified lacquer has shown excellent performance in some aspects, such as the gloss and hardness of the lacquer film have been significantly improved, the heat resistance, acid and alkali resistance have been enhanced, the ageing resistance and solvent resistance have been improved, the impact strength and toughness have been enhanced, the curing time of the lacquer film has been greatly shortened and so on. Then the application fields and development trends of the modified raw lacquer are discussed, hoping to provide a theoretical basis for the further development and utilization of raw lacquer.

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“…This strategy provides good guidance and information for spectroscopists, who work not only in the fields of corrosion, but also polymeric products, food, pharmaceutical, forensics, and other QA/QC‐related industries by employing a practical protocol for the industry practice, in this case, through estimation of degree of similarity between sample and “qualified” Reference spectra using mathematical compare algorithm. [ 11–15 ] Oulahal et al (2009) revealed that high r values between the FTIR spectra of unused and cleaned by brushing wooden shelves as compared with that of non‐cleaned wooden surface [ 16 ] but they did not elaborate further on the compare algorithm used. Some web‐based articles in AZoMaterials featured the application of FTIR for batch‐to‐batch testing in the food and drink industry, [ 17 ] in particular of alcohol, olive oil, milk powder, and meat products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) authentication and batch‐to‐batch consistency for different types of paints using benchtop and handheld FTIR spectrophotometers for oil and gas industry

Salim

Rashid

Halim

et al. 2021

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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Standardization of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) fingerprint region for paints and assessment on the reproducibility using different spectrophotometers were investigated. While selective fingerprint regions may be confusing for technicians/analysts who are non‐chemists, we attempt to generalize these regions (e.g., 1300–1000 cm−1 for Epoxy part A and 1400–1000 cm−1 for Epoxy part B) by choosing a universal region (2000–900 cm−1) that works for different paints. Comparison result using a paired student t‐test shows that the degree of similarity (r) values from the studied regions are not statistically different. The paint fails the screening analysis occasionally on‐site when analyzed using handheld FTIR due to the higher level of noise that gives low r values (r < 0.900 ± 0.002). The same samples were analyzed using a benchtop FTIR and the r values are above 0.900 ± 0.002. While the screening may lead to a false rejection of the sample on‐site, there could be occurrence of false acceptance. The on‐site screening of EPZ part A with different formulations, for instance, shows that the r values over the entire IR spectrum are above 0.900 ± 0.002 when analyzed using handheld FTIR. After the samples were analyzed using the benchtop, the r values fall below 0.900 ± 0.002.

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Sustainable phenolic thermosets coatings derived from urushiol

Cited by 17 publications

References 36 publications

Synthesis and properties of biophenol‐furfural based bioresin for curing of styrene butadiene rubber

Synthesis and properties of biophenol‐furfural based bioresin for curing of styrene butadiene rubber

Research Progress on Modification and Application of Raw Lacquer

Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) authentication and batch‐to‐batch consistency for different types of paints using benchtop and handheld FTIR spectrophotometers for oil and gas industry

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