Abstract:Increase in bacterial resistance to commonly used antibiotics is a major public health concern generating interest in novel antibacterial treatments. Aim of this scientific endeavor was to find an alternative efficient antibacterial agent from non-conventional plant source for human health applications. We used an eco-friendly approach for phyto-fabrication of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by utilizing logging residue from timber trees Gmelina arborea (GA). GC–MS analysis of leaves, barks, flowers, fruits, and … Show more
“…Upon excitation, the oscillatory motion of the electrons in silver has headed to collisions, unveiling the surface plasma resonance (SPR) bands that are the characteristic feature of AgNPs as detected in UV–Vis spectroscopy. 19 The SPR value of the BdkR-AgNPs shows a peak value at 444 nm wavelength ( Figure 1C ) which confirms the synthesis of BdkR-AgNPs and it is also similar to the previously reported AgNPs synthesis results. 20 , 46 The change in the color of the BdkR-AgNPs solution can be linked with the excitation process of the surface plasmon vibration within the biologically synthesized BdkR-AgNPs as evident from the previously published literature.…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 89%
“… 4 These results are similar to other previously published literature. 19 , 55 , 56 Figure 2 SEM image of BdkR-AgNPs ( A ), EDX spectra of BdkR-AgNPs (inset, elemental percentage) ( B ). …”
Introduction
Nowadays, in nanotechnology and material science, biosynthesis of the metal nanoparticle is a promising approach.
Methods
In the current research, the extract of the Korean Ueong dry root (BdkR), which belongs to the
Asteraceae
family, was used as a reducing and capping agent, for the green synthesis of the BdkR-Ag nanoparticles in a cost-effective and highly efficient manner. In this study for the reaction measures, UV-Vis spectroscopy was applied. SEM, EDX, FTIR, XRD, mean size distribution, and zeta potential were used for the characterization of the green synthesized BdkR-AgNPs. In the beginning, the primary phytochemical screening of BdkR extract was estimated and the cytotoxicity, antidiabetic, antioxidant, and antibacterial activities of the green synthesized BdkR-AgNPs were evaluated.
Results
According to the results, the BdkR extract is rich in various phytochemicals and the generated AgNPs were crystalline in nature. The surface plasmon resonance value of the BdkR-AgNPs was 444 nm confirming the synthesis of AgNPs. The BdkR-AgNPs displayed four clear diffraction peaks at 2 theta angles (38.22); (46.15); (64.88); (76.83), respectively, which are equivalent to (111), (200), (220) and (311). The obtained nanoparticles have a zeta potential of −17.0 mV. Furthermore, the generated BdkR-AgNPs exhibited considerable antidiabetic effect in terms of the inhibition of α-glucosidase with a maximum inhibition value of 95.41% at 5.0 µg/mL and more than 86% inhibition at 2.5 µg/mL and the estimated IC
50
value was found to be 0.653 µg/mL. Further, it also displayed a significant cytotoxicity activity against the HepG
2
cancer cell lines at 10 µg/mL and 100 µg/mL concentrations with 86% and 88% of inhibition, respectively. Besides this, the synthesized AgNPs also displayed promising antioxidant activities in terms of the DPPH (IC
50
value - 56.26 µg/mL), ABTS (IC
50
value - 171.43 µg/mL) and reducing power (IC
0.5
value - 227.42 µg/mL).
Discussion
The multipotential effects of the synthesized BdkR-AgNPs might be attributed to the presence of the bioactive compounds in the BdkR extract that acted as the capping and reducing agent in the synthesis process. The green synthesized BdkR-AgNPs exhibited promising bioactive potential for their future applications in the food and biomedical field.
“…Upon excitation, the oscillatory motion of the electrons in silver has headed to collisions, unveiling the surface plasma resonance (SPR) bands that are the characteristic feature of AgNPs as detected in UV–Vis spectroscopy. 19 The SPR value of the BdkR-AgNPs shows a peak value at 444 nm wavelength ( Figure 1C ) which confirms the synthesis of BdkR-AgNPs and it is also similar to the previously reported AgNPs synthesis results. 20 , 46 The change in the color of the BdkR-AgNPs solution can be linked with the excitation process of the surface plasmon vibration within the biologically synthesized BdkR-AgNPs as evident from the previously published literature.…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 89%
“… 4 These results are similar to other previously published literature. 19 , 55 , 56 Figure 2 SEM image of BdkR-AgNPs ( A ), EDX spectra of BdkR-AgNPs (inset, elemental percentage) ( B ). …”
Introduction
Nowadays, in nanotechnology and material science, biosynthesis of the metal nanoparticle is a promising approach.
Methods
In the current research, the extract of the Korean Ueong dry root (BdkR), which belongs to the
Asteraceae
family, was used as a reducing and capping agent, for the green synthesis of the BdkR-Ag nanoparticles in a cost-effective and highly efficient manner. In this study for the reaction measures, UV-Vis spectroscopy was applied. SEM, EDX, FTIR, XRD, mean size distribution, and zeta potential were used for the characterization of the green synthesized BdkR-AgNPs. In the beginning, the primary phytochemical screening of BdkR extract was estimated and the cytotoxicity, antidiabetic, antioxidant, and antibacterial activities of the green synthesized BdkR-AgNPs were evaluated.
Results
According to the results, the BdkR extract is rich in various phytochemicals and the generated AgNPs were crystalline in nature. The surface plasmon resonance value of the BdkR-AgNPs was 444 nm confirming the synthesis of AgNPs. The BdkR-AgNPs displayed four clear diffraction peaks at 2 theta angles (38.22); (46.15); (64.88); (76.83), respectively, which are equivalent to (111), (200), (220) and (311). The obtained nanoparticles have a zeta potential of −17.0 mV. Furthermore, the generated BdkR-AgNPs exhibited considerable antidiabetic effect in terms of the inhibition of α-glucosidase with a maximum inhibition value of 95.41% at 5.0 µg/mL and more than 86% inhibition at 2.5 µg/mL and the estimated IC
50
value was found to be 0.653 µg/mL. Further, it also displayed a significant cytotoxicity activity against the HepG
2
cancer cell lines at 10 µg/mL and 100 µg/mL concentrations with 86% and 88% of inhibition, respectively. Besides this, the synthesized AgNPs also displayed promising antioxidant activities in terms of the DPPH (IC
50
value - 56.26 µg/mL), ABTS (IC
50
value - 171.43 µg/mL) and reducing power (IC
0.5
value - 227.42 µg/mL).
Discussion
The multipotential effects of the synthesized BdkR-AgNPs might be attributed to the presence of the bioactive compounds in the BdkR extract that acted as the capping and reducing agent in the synthesis process. The green synthesized BdkR-AgNPs exhibited promising bioactive potential for their future applications in the food and biomedical field.
“…Chandrasekharan et al demonstrated the Gmelina arborea mediated AgNPs (GA-AgNPs) against P. aeruginosa and E. coli. The authors showed that the GA-AgNPs exert MIC and MBC value 90 µg/mL against P. aeruginosa, and 20 µg/mL of MIC and 40 µg/mL of MBC value against E. coli [29]. Comparatively, our P-AgNPs were considerably more effective, with the MBC value at just 1 µg/mL against P. aeruginosa.…”
Section: Antibacterial Activity Of P-agnps and E-agnpsmentioning
Microbial resistance to antibiotics is one of the key challenges that lead to the search for alternate antimicrobial treatment approaches. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are well known for their antimicrobial effects against a wide variety of drug-resistant microorganisms. AgNPs can be synthesized using microbial hosts, using a green and economical synthesis route, which produces extremely stable and highly active nanoparticles. Such green AgNPs are coated with a biological coating often referred to as a corona, originating from the production microorganism. In this study, we asked whether the composition of the biological corona might influence the antimicrobial activity of green AgNPs. To investigate this, we produced AgNPs in Pseudomonas putida KT2440 and Escherichia coli K12 MG1655, and tested them against pathogen species from the corresponding genera. AgNPs exhibited a size range of 15–40 nm for P. putida and 30–70 nm for E. coli, and both types of nanoparticles were surrounded by a thick biological corona layer, providing extreme stability. The nanoparticles remained stable over long periods and exhibited negative zeta potential values. P-AgNPs (obtained from P. putida) were tested against pathogenic Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1, and E-AgNPs (obtained from E. coli) were tested against pathogenic Escherichia coli UTI 89. Antimicrobial studies were conducted by Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), live/dead staining and SEM analysis. MBC of P-AgNPs against P. aeruginosa was 1 μg/mL, and MBC of E-AgNPs against E. coli UTI 89 was 8 μg/mL. In both cases, the MBC values were superior to those of green AgNPs produced in organisms unrelated to the target pathogens, available in the literature. Our results suggest that NPs produced in microorganisms closely related to the target pathogen may be more effective, indicating that the composition of the biological corona may play a crucial role in the antimicrobial mechanism of AgNPs.
“…The elemental analysis confirmed the presence of Ag on the surface of Figure 1b. The presence of synthesized AgNPs was confirmed by the peak at 3.0 keV in EDS [46][47][48]. FT-IR measurements were used to understand the role of the AgNPs' modification on the biomass materials.…”
This study presents the use of the modified coffee husk and coffee lignin as sorbents in the heavy metal ions sorption of Pb(II), Cd(II), Cr(III), and Cu(II) in an aqueous solution. The modification of sorbents was carried out by the impregnation method, using silver nitrate (AgNO3) and sodium borohydride (NaBH4) as a nanoparticles’ (NPs) precursor, and reducing agent, respectively. The obtained nanocomposite material was morphologically characterized by electron microscopy. In addition, an evaluation of metal ions’ sorption, pseudo-first-order, and pseudo-second-order kinetics modeling was performed. Finally, antifungal activity was evaluated on different Candida species. Coffee and lignin modified with AgNPs increased the extraction capacity with the highest sorption for Pb ions with 2.56 mg/g and 1.44 mg/g, respectively.
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