Sustainable seismic design and health monitoring

Abstract

Summary Structural health monitoring and natural control (SHMC) for post‐earthquake realignment and repairs (PERR) are one of the most challenging issues facing earthquake engineers worldwide. Currently, neither SHMC nor PERR are parts of contemporary curricula and codes of practice. SHMC aims to help achieve a viable degree of structural sustainability (SS) under predictable environmental conditions. In the present context, SHMC refers to the effort that aims at achieving structural operability before, during, and after severe earthquakes. SHMC is generally associated with the use of piezoelectric sensors and similar devices to measure changes in stresses and strains and detect flaws within the elements of engineering structures. Regardless of the effectiveness of the SHMC systems, no structure can lend itself well to PERR unless it has been designed specifically for the purpose; otherwise, it would be disposable with no gains from the SHMC effort. A seismically sustainable structure can prevent actual collapse, overcome residual effects, and lend itself well to PERR. The purpose of the current article is to introduce a practical basis for efficient use of SHMC concepts in multi‐objective earthquake resisting structures (ERSs). Replaceable energy dissipating moment connections (REDMC), rigid rocking cores (RRCs), high strength tendons, and support level grade beams have been introduced as instruments of natural structural control. The use of monitoring devices has been extended to the evaluation of the effects of formations or elimination of plastic hinges and the variations of the global drift of the system.

Sustainable Seismic Design of Triple Steel Structures

“…Test: Let K Pδ = M R0 = 0, M Y0 = M P and φ Y,1 =φ max /4. Equation (33) gives K E = 2M P φ max or M restore = 2M P , a result previously reported by Eatherton et al (2014) [30]. Equation (33) can be used directly to satisfy the following design conditions.…”

“…Equation (33) gives K E = 2M P φ max or M restore = 2M P , a result previously reported by Eatherton et al (2014) [30]. Equation (33) can be used directly to satisfy the following design conditions. Demand-supply requirements: M supply ≥ M demand , φ RRC,Y > φ max and φ< φ max .…”

“…18. The development of maintenance and health-monitoring strategies as part of the structural design strategy [33].…”

A Novel Three-Dimensional Composite Isolation Bearing and Its Application to the Mitigation of Earthquakes and Traffic-Induced Vibrations

“…Figure 5 shows the comparison of the tested hysteretic curves and the corresponding analytical value obtained from Equation (2), where the dotted lines and the solid lines represent the test values and the analytical values, respectively. The values of µ M ( .…”

“…Evidently, such a design method would result in considerable economic losses due to corresponding repair work. Therefore, lots of newly built buildings embrace the concept of sustainable seismic design, which not only guarantees structural safety but also allows the structure to be quickly recovered [2,3]. On the other hand, due to the rapid development of transportation networks, reduced human comfort caused by traffic has now become a serious problem in the design of modern buildings [4].…”