Sustainable synthesis and electrochemical characterization of Ti₃C₂/Fe_1‐xBa_xCr₂O₄ nanocomposite for enhanced Supercapacitor electrode performance

Abstract

This study presents a comprehensive analysis of the structural, morphological, and electrochemical properties of the synthesized Ti₃C₂ and Ti₃C₂/Fe1‐xBaₓCr₂O₄ nanocomposite, highlighting their potential as electrode materials for supercapacitors. Utilizing X‐ray diffraction (XRD), we established the crystalline structure, revealing crystallite sizes of 13.29 nm and 20.00 nm for Ti₃C₂ and the nanocomposite, respectively, with corresponding crystallinity indices of 60% and 70%. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that Ti₃C₂ exhibited a characteristic layered structure, while the composite demonstrated a more granular morphology with integrated ferrite particles, enhancing its magnetic properties. Energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS) confirmed the elemental composition, including titanium, iron, barium, and chromium, validating the successful synthesis of the nanocomposite. Photoluminescence (PL) analysis indicated a significant band gap reduction from 2.05 eV for Ti₃C₂ to 1.77 eV for the composite, suggesting enhanced light absorption capabilities. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) results demonstrated impressive electrochemical performance, with a maximum specific capacitance of 728.5 F/g in 1 M H₂SO₄. These findings collectively underscore the structural integrity, enhanced electrochemical properties, and multifunctional potential of the Ti₃C₂/Fe1‐xBaₓCr₂O₄ nanocomposite for advanced energy storage applications.