Sustainable System for Hydrogenation Exploiting Energy Derived from Solar Light

Abstract

Herein described is a sustainable system for hydrogenation that uses solar light as the ultimate source of energy. The system consists of two steps. Solar energy is captured and chemically stored in the first step; exposure of a solution of azaxanthone in ethanol to solar light causes an energy storing dimerization of the ketone to produce a sterically strained 1,2-diol. In the second step, the chemical energy stored in the vicinal diol is released and used for hydrogenation; the diol offers hydrogen onto alkenes and splits back to azaxanthone, which is easily recovered and reused repeatedly for capturing solar energy.

Fast Interlayer Charge Separation and Transmission in ZnIn2S4/CNTs/ZnS Heterojunctions for Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution

“…According to previous reports, ZnS LO and TO modes are represented by the bands at 350 cm À 1 and 275 cm À 1 , respectively. [27] Moreover, the Raman spectrum exhibits significant distinctive peaks at around 1348.8 cm À 1 and 1585.1 cm À 1 , which are paralleled to the D band and G band of CNTs, which represent disorganized hybrid carbon (sp 3 ) and crystalline graphite structure (sp 2 ), respectively. [28] When ZnS and ZIS are combined with CNTs, the characteristic Raman shifts belonging to ZIS, ZnS and CNTs can be detected in the Raman spectrum of the ZCZ-3 composite.…”

“…According to the concept of sustainable development, creating clean and efficient energy has become the primary task of today‘s social development. Compared with other energy sources, such as nuclear, geothermal, wind, tidal and biomass energy, hydrogen energy is considered as an ideal energy source [3–5] . Hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) by water splitting over semiconductor photocatalyst has been shown to be one of the most sustainable and pollution‐free methods of producing hydrogen [6,7] .…”

“…Compared with other energy sources, such as nuclear, geothermal, wind, tidal and biomass energy, hydrogen energy is considered as an ideal energy source. [3][4][5] Hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) by water splitting over semiconductor photocatalyst has been shown to be one of the most sustainable and pollution-free methods of producing hydrogen. [6,7] However, photocatalysis still has many problems due to the rapid recombination of photogenerated carriers.…”

Photocatalytic Chemoselective Transfer Hydrogenation of Quinolines to Tetrahydroquinolines on Hierarchical NiO/In2O3–CdS Microspheres

“…Alternatively, the easily transported liquids with high-hydrogen content, such as alcohol and formic acid, serving as safe hydrogen donors, have emerged as potential candidates to address the issue of molecular hydrogen. Therefore, the hydrogen transfer reaction has been attracting more and more attention in organic synthesis processes. − …”

Transfer hydrogenation of pyridinium and quinolinium species using ethanol as a hydrogen source to access saturated N-heterocycles

“…5 Undoubtedly, low-carbon alcohols, such as methanol, ethanol, and isopropanol (IPA) are ideal hydrogen sources. 6 In particular, the use of the world's largest renewable feedstock, bio-derived ethanol, as a hydrogen source, is highly desirable considering its sustainability 7 and environmentally benign characteristic 8 (forms low toxicity by-products, acetaldehyde and ethyl acetate).…”