ResearchWhile advances in healthcare have led to an increase in life expectancy in the global population, [1] it is evident that health systems are under pressure to address additional challenges such as globalisation, the emergence of new infections, and an increase in chronic disease, poverty and inequity. [2,3] With the healthcare needs of the world becoming increasingly complex, new, sustainable and dynamic approaches to healthcare are necessary if we are to improve global health outcomes.[4] The development of core competencies in health professions education, aligned with global health needs, [2] has been suggested as one way in which health outcomes may be improved. [1,2,5] However, professional education is struggling because of poor teamwork, as well as a mismatch between health professionals' competencies and the needs of the patient and the population. The ability to collaborate as part of a team is a core professional competency that produces positive health outcomes for patients, [6,7] as no single discipline can meet all patient and population needs in a complex health system.[8] Furthermore, collaboration is an essential component of safe, high-quality patient care. [9] This suggests that health professions education must ensure that the ability to collaborate is intentionally developed in undergraduate students and that we must move away from professional silos to work effectively together. [2,10] Health professionals must therefore understand each other's roles and responsibilities, share knowledge, work together in interdependent teams [6,9] and communicate effectively with each other, their patients, their patients' families and their communities. [6,8] To effectively address the health needs of the population, the Medical and Dental Board (MDB) in South Africa (SA) has adopted a modified version of the CanMEDS physician competency framework [9] to inform the training and education of medical doctors, dentists and clinical associates in the SA context.[11] The MDB has highlighted the development of the following roles in clinical practice: health practitioner, communicator, collaborator, leader and manager, health advocate, scholar and professional.[12] The framework also suggests that clinicians should possess a set of key competencies that outline the behaviours and skills that graduates should display. [13] In developing the role of collaborator in the MDB framework, the following key competencies were identified: (i) the ability to participate effectively and appropriately in multicultural, interprofessional and transprofessional teams as well as teams in other contexts (the community included); and (ii) the ability to work effectively with other healthcare professionals to promote positive relationships and prevent, negotiate and resolve interpersonal conflict. [12] There is consensus that the ability to collaborate across professional boundaries is therefore an important core competency for health professionals.[10] However, the education of health professionals is traditionally conducte...