Sustainable Urban Mobility in Poznan and Oslo-Actual State and Development Perspectives

Abstract

The main goal of this paper is to present and analyze approaches for sustainable urban mobility in Poznan and Oslo. The topic of sustainable urban transport as well as green mobility is currently important from formal perspectives, due to European regulations, and because of ecological conditions and resulting climate changes. The research methodology implemented includes analysis of the literature on the research subject; analysis of EU documents and national policies with respect to financing and development of sustainable urban transport (SUT); development of a questionnaire on SUT in Oslo and Poznan, using the questionnaire to collect opinions on SUTs in Oslo and Poznan, and analyzing respondents’ answers, defining recommendations concerning future activities for urban sustainability in the surveyed cities. The authors provide a review of the actual sustainable urban mobility situations in Oslo and Poznan, compare government support and sources of funding, identify gaps in terms of EU requirements, and try to compare the residents’ expectations with the city’s activities in the field of sustainable transport development. The research group includes students residing in both cities. The group constitutes 10–20% of the total number of inhabitants in cities being the subject of research. The empirical part investigates what their preferences are regarding the use of public transport in the context of sustainable development. On the basis of the conducted research, it can be stated that a sustainable urban mobility is one of the key development directions in Poland and Norway. The respondents see opportunities for developing green mobility in their cities as well as municipalities and the national government encouraging a sustainable urban transport. The implementation of the principles of sustainable development and reconstruction of city development strategy can be achieved by the cooperation of all stakeholders (namely: national government, municipalities, public transport providers, city residents).

Public transport analysis in the Petroșani Basin in the context of the need for sustainable mobility

“…The implementation of a public transport system with electric buses promises important benefits for the environment and economy, as well as the shift towards sustainable mobility in the urban environment. The launch of electric buses is one of the measures to achieve the sustainable development goals [1,15].…”

“…The mobility of goods and people is one of the essential elements of urban development, characterizing the urban space and the way it works. As the population continues to be concentrated in cities, the negative impact associated with the transport of people and goods is worsening [1].…”

Economic Evaluation, Use of Renewable Energy, and Sustainable Urban Development Mamminasata Metropolitan, Indonesia

“…Thus, energy for transportation facilities is needed to support the mobility of goods and people and to integrate urban systems. Sustainable mobility is one of the objectives of transportation policy focused on energy use, and sustainable development requires that urban development strategies be achieved through the cooperation of all stakeholders [102,103].…”

Ways Residents of Large Cities in Poland, Commute before and during the Covid-19 Pandemic

“…It is not always possible due to the size of a large city and the location of the workplace, study, medical assistance, and recreation. This is a challenge for local authorities, which create the quality of life in the city also through the availability of various means of transport, considering the principles of sustainable development (Lozzi, 2021;Oleśków-Szłapka et al, 2020;Mensah, 2019). Hence, currently, in most large Polish cities, residents can use buses, trams, e-scooters, electric scooters, bicycles, and taxis (Pogodzińska, 2018).…”