Sustainable use of plants in coastal areas of Istanbul

Abstract

The coasts, which are considered as part of the land that limits the sea, are important living spaces for many living things. People have used the coast throughout history for a wide variety of activities. Rapid urbanization increased the intensity of this usage and in time the coastal areas began to be insufficient for the use of the people and then the concept of coastal landfill was emerged. In this study, woody plants in the coastal areas which have a great contribution to the landscaping of the city of Istanbul were evaluated. For this purpose, the most important coastal areas of the city, Sarıyer in the north, Avcılar, Maltepe and Kartal in the south were determined as examples and the woody plants used primarily in these areas were determined. Then these plants were evaluated by taking into consideration the ecological tolerance criteria (frost, drought, salinity and air pollution). As a result of the field studies carried out in the Sarıyer, Avcılar, Kartal and Maltepe coastal areas, totally 51 woody plant taxa belonging to 26 families were identified. 37 of the identified woody plants were angiosperm and 14 were gymnosperm taxa. It is also identified that 28.57% of gymnospermae and 21.62% angiospermae taxa have a high salinity tolerance and their use in coastal areas is appropriate; 35.71% of gymnospermae and 35.14% of angiospermae taxa doesn't have a salinity tolerance so they shouldn't be used in coastal areas.

Antalya Bazı Kent Parklarındaki Odunsu Bitki Taksonlarının Ekolojik Tölerans Kriterleri Açısından Değerlendirilmesi

“…(2012, Küpe ve Köse (2013), Zencirkıran ve Seyidoğlu Akdeniz (2017), Ganesan ve Arul Pragasan (2017), Bharti vd. (2018), Yener (2020), URL-1 (2021), URL-2 (2021), URL-3 (2021), URL-4 (2021), URL-5( 2021), URL-6(2021), URL-7(2021), URL-8(2021), URL-9 (2021), URL-10(2021), URL-11(2021), URL-12(2021), URL-13(2021), URL-14(2021), URL-15(2021), URL-16(2021), URL-17(2021), URL-18(2021), URL-19(2021), URL-20(2021), URL-21(2021)] yararlanılarak tespit edilmiştir. Taksonların ekolojik tölerans durumlarının değerlendirilmesinde 1-3 arasında değişen (1: Az töleranslı, 2: Orta derecede töleranslı, 3: Yüksek töleranslı) bir skala kullanılmıştır.…”

“…Zencirkıran ve Seyidoğlu Akdeniz (2017), Bursa ilinde yer alan dört kent parkındaki odunsu bitki taksonlarını ekolojik tölerans durumlarını (don, ısı, kuraklık, tuz, kirlilik ve rüzgâr), su tüketimleri ve ışık isteklerini değerlendirmişlerdir. Yener (2020) ise, İstanbul kentinin en önemli kıyı dolgu alanlarından kuzeyde Sarıyer, güneyde Avcılar, Maltepe ve Kartal kıyı dolgu alanlarını örnek alan olarak belirlemiş ve buralarda kullanılan odunsu bitkileri ekolojik tölerans (don, kuraklık, tuzluluk ve hava kirliliği) kriterlerini dikkate alarak değerlendirmiştir. Kösa ve Mansuroğlu (2018), Antalya koşullarında bazı örnek alanlardaki bitki türlerinin hava kirliliğine dayanıklılığının bitkisel tasarım kapsamında değerlendirmişler ve hava kirliliğinden farklı şekilde etkilenen bitkilerin bitkisel tasarımda beklenen estetik, fonksiyonel ve ekolojik yararlarını tam olarak sağlayamadıklarını vurgulamaktadırlar.…”

Design Practices for Flood Resilience in Istanbul: Case of Kadiköy Waterfront

“…As an overall design measure, the vegetation character is also redefined since it is critical in terms of salination. Using salinity tolerant plants is essential to generate resilient landscapes (Yener, 2020). It is recommended to use species such as Ailanthus altissima, Eleagnus angustifolia, Fraxinus excelsior, Gleditsia triacanthos, Platanus orientalis, Populus alba, Robinia pseudoacacia 'Umbraculifera', Salix alba and Salix babylonica species to ensure sustainable vegetation management.…”

RESPON PERTUMBUHAN SEMAIAN MANGROVE Rhizophora sp. PADA BERBAGAI JENIS MEDIA TANAM

“…Ekosistem pesisir memiliki ciri yang khas yang merupakan peralihan dari ekosistem darat ke ekosistem laut. Ekosistem pesisir dicirikan dengan adanya wilayah estuari yang memiliki salinitas air antara tawar dan asin, tumbuhan yang spesifik, dan suhu udara yang cenderung panas (Yener, 2020). Wilayah pesisir memiliki fungsi pelindung bagi ekosistem darat dari pengaruh lautan yang sifatnya merusak bagi ekosistem darat.…”