Sustainable use of thirteen South African medicinal plants for the management of crop diseases caused by Fusarium species – An in vitro study

Seepe, Hlabana Alfred; Amoo, Stephen O.; Nxumalo, Winston; Adeleke, Rasheed

doi:10.1016/j.sajb.2020.01.038

Cited by 13 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The bioautography determination of the antifungal profile of the extracts obtained from C. erythrophyllum and W. somnifera showed white bands at different R f values. This suggests that the antifungal activity reported in the previous studies [ 18 , 19 ] was due to the combination of more than one compound. Regardless of the plant extracts and microorganisms tested, these observations are in agreement with other studies [ 29 , 30 , 31 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…However, if the antifungal compounds are to be used in crop protection and commercial farming, further research is required to evaluate their toxicological properties and environmental effects, as well as the synthesis of the compounds and or their active derivatives in larger quantities. The preparation and extraction of plant extracts were done as previously described [19]. In brief, green fresh leaves (approximately 10 Kg) were collected in brown paper bags and shade-dried at room temperature (25 ± 2 • C) immediately after collection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compound A isolated from C. erythrophyllum demonstrated very strong antifungal activity with a MIC value of 0.01 mg/mL against F. proliferatum . This activity was four times stronger when compared to the MIC value of 0.04 mg/mL for the C. erythrophyllum crude acetone extract against F. proliferatum [ 19 ]. Medicinal plant extracts contain mixtures of different secondary metabolites, which may interact with each other to produce additive, synergistic or antagonistic antifungal effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The preparation and extraction of plant extracts were done as previously described [ 19 ]. In brief, green fresh leaves (approximately 10 Kg) were collected in brown paper bags and shade-dried at room temperature (25 ± 2 °C) immediately after collection.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antifungal activity of the compounds isolated from Combretum erythrophyllum and Withania somnifera leaf extracts against Fusarium species pathogens. Extracts from these plant species were selected for isolation, because they demonstrated very strong antifungal activity, as reported previously in some in vitro studies [ 18 , 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antifungal Activity of Isolated Compounds from the Leaves of Combretum erythrophyllum (Burch.) Sond. and Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal against Fusarium Pathogens

et al. 2021

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Crop diseases caused by Fusarium pathogens, among other microorganisms, threaten crop production in both commercial and smallholder farming. There are increasing concerns about the use of conventional synthetic fungicides due to fungal resistance and the associated negative effects of these chemicals on human health, livestock and the environment. This leads to the search for alternative fungicides from nature, especially from plants. The objectives of this study were to characterize isolated compounds from Combretum erythrophyllum (Burch.) Sond. and Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal leaf extracts, evaluate their antifungal activity against Fusarium pathogens, their phytotoxicity on maize seed germination and their cytotoxicity effect on Raw 264.7 macrophage cells. The investigation led to the isolation of antifungal compounds characterized as 5-hydroxy-7,4′-dimethoxyflavone, maslinic acid (21-hydroxy-3-oxo-olean-12-en-28-oic acid) and withaferin A (4β,27-dihydroxy-1-oxo-5β,6β-epoxywitha-2-24-dienolide). The structural elucidation of the isolated compounds was established using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy (MS) and, in comparison, with the available published data. These compounds showed good antifungal activity with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) less than 1.0 mg/mL against one or more of the tested Fusarium pathogens (F. oxysporum, F. verticilloides, F. subglutinans, F. proliferatum, F. solani, F. graminearum, F. chlamydosporum and F. semitectum). The findings from this study indicate that medicinal plants are a good source of natural antifungals. Furthermore, the isolated antifungal compounds did not show any phytotoxic effects on maize seed germination. The toxicity of the compounds A (5-hydroxy-7,4′-dimethoxyflavone) and AI (4β,27-dihydroxy-1-oxo-5β,6β-epoxywitha-2-24-dienolide) was dose-dependent, while compound B (21-hydroxy-3-oxo-olean-12-en-28-oic acid) showed no toxicity effect against Raw 264.7 macrophage cells.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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