Sustainable utilization and valorization of potato waste: state of the art, challenges, and perspectives

Abstract

Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) are starchy tuberous crops that represent the world’s fourth most important crop. According to the “Food and Agricultural Organisation of the United Nations,” 376 million metric tonnes of potatoes were produced globally in 2021. It is anticipated that around 8000 kilotons of potato peel waste might be generated in 2030, with related greenhouse gas emissions of 5 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent. Waste generated throughout the food supply chain, from potato farms to forks, contributes considerably to global warming. Apart from animal feed, technical processes in the potato processing industry generate waste organic residues with high amounts of bioactive compounds and carbohydrates, and thus extraction and bioconversion processes can produce high-value products. These include the isolation of functional ingredients for the formulation of nutraceuticals and pharma products, bioenergy-related products, enzymes, and fertilizers for the market, hence contributing to a more responsible production and consumption and, overall, circular economy. This review focuses on studies involving potato waste from industries such as pulp, processed water, peels, and mash showing the great prospects of the by-products from this crop for value-added supply chains and the reduction of undesired environmental effects. This work attempts to adhere upon several Sustainable Development Goals, specifically goals 7, 12, and 13, while also contributing to long-term growth targets and reducing negative environmental consequences produced by the food sector.

Acid hydrolysis of Solanum tuberosum periderm for accumulation of polyhydroxyalkanoates in Pseudomonas putida MTCC 2475

“…The combined severity factor (LogR o ) under the optimized conditions was calculated to be 1.99. In a study, 5% hydrochloric acid, yielding 62 g L −1 of sugars ( Khanal et al, 2023 ). In a two stage hydrolysis study, 32 g of potato peel in 400 mL of 1% w/w H 2 SO 4 at 180°C for 60 min was performed, For second stage hydrolysis with cellulase, α-amylase and glucoamylase 36 g L −1 glucose was obtained ( Abedini et al, 2020 ).…”

“…Commonly S. tuberosum periderm waste (potato peel waste) is utilized for generating low-value animal fodder, compost, or raw substrate for biogas production, resulting in the squandering of valuable nutritional resources within it. S. tuberosum periderm possess antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory and further more properties ( Khanal et al, 2023 ). However, the fundamental principle of the current study remains the efficient disposal of waste with the economic viability of processing advancement.…”

Development of a Green, Quick, and Efficient Method Based on Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Followed by HPLC-DAD for the Analysis of Bioactive Glycoalkaloids in Potato Peel Waste

“…This by-product is usually used as low-value animal feed or discarded, causing environmental concern. In fact, it is anticipated that in 2030 around 8000 kilotons of potato peel waste might be generated, with related greenhouse gas emissions of 5 million tons of CO 2 equivalents [ 13 ]. In that respect, in an approach to the concept of “One Health”, potato peel waste can be valorized by extracting high-value-added compounds (i.e., phenolic compounds, GAs, fiber, minerals, etc.…”

Possible Options for Utilization of EU Biomass Waste: Pyrolysis Char, Calorific Value and Ash Content

“…Field bean ( Vicia faba L.) has been selected as a promising candidate due to its implementation as an arable rotation crop in agriculture, which can fix nitrogen into the soil and help reduce cereal pests and disease [ 30 , 31 ]. Moreover, biomass that is easily available as single-component waste streams from largescale food production was identified as peel byproducts of potato ( Solanum tuberosum ), which have been studied [ 32 , 33 , 34 ], and parsley root peels ( Petroselinum crispum ), which have not been investigated thus far as a potential source of biochar. When waste is created on a large scale, e.g., in a potato chips manufacturing plant, it does not go back to the farm.…”

“…Hence, alternative ways of utilization to those commonly applied on farms, such as using it to feed livestock or simply composting it, need to be developed. The growing need for managing potato peel waste (PPW) from the potato industry from the perspective of the growing amount of waste has been reported in comprehensive reviews, such as those by Baum et al [ 5 ], Kot et al [ 33 ], Khanal et al [ 34 ] and Garcia-Garcia et al [ 35 ]. The development of methods for the utilization of waste from the food industry, though challenging [ 35 ], has been pinpointed as a way to implement circular economy regulations.…”