Sustainable Utilization of Bio-fuel Co-Product in Roadbed Stabilization

Experimental investigation of thermal and mechanical properties of lignin treated silt

“…The effectiveness of lignin-based stabilizer to treat geomaterials has been studied by examining compaction and compressibility characteristics, swelling, moisture susceptibility, unconfined compressive strength, shear strength, and erosion resistivity (Gow et al, 1961;Santoni et al, 2002;Indraratna et al, 2008;Kim et al, 2011;Ceylan et al, 2012;Chen et al, 2014). Even though numerous studies have been carried out to explore the role of lignin as a soil stabilizer, most works have highlighted effects on the mechanical performance in particular.…”

Engineering behaviour of stabilized laterite and kaolin using lignin

“…This degree of stability is primarily a function of the road material's resistance to lateral movement or flow. Different types of road material employ different mechanisms for resisting lateral movement [2]. In general, granular soil count on their particle sizes, angularity, and interlocking ability to develop the internal friction required to resist lateral flow [3,4].…”

“…However, in fine-grained soils such as clay soils, the stability is very much moisture-dependent. As a result, well-established techniques of stabilization are often used to improve the properties of geotechnical materials through the addition of binding agents into the soil [2]. For example, in the case of some soils, poor load-bearing qualities can be improved.…”

“…In the case of less permeable soils, they may be stabilized to prevent rutting, frost heaving, and other adverse phenomena associated with weakening by water [5]. Soil stabilization in geotechnical engineering refers to the process of blending and mixing materials with a soil to increase the shear strength of that soil corresponding to the given requirements [2].Soil stabilization defines as a treatment of soils to correct the natural deficiencies thereof, and to render them more suitable for use as road-building material [3]. Lignin is an industrial by-product, stockpiles of which has been implicated as having a positive role in soil stabilization.…”

“…Various studies on lignin as a soil additive have been concluded; that lignin is primarily a binding agent [2]; Lignin has been in use as an additive to the soil for many years. In an attempt to improve the action of lignin, the chrome-lignin process was developed and studied [8].…”