Sustainable Utilization of Tea Waste

Debnath, Banhisikha; Purkait, Mihir Kumar

doi:10.1007/978-981-19-8774-8_11

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…The surface modification of the bio-sorbents involves using some modifying agents. The modifying agents include basic solutions such as sodium hydroxide, acidic solutions such as nitric acid, and hydrochloric acid, oxidizing agents such as citric acid and hydrogen peroxide [25][26][27]. The wall of the plant cell rich of pectin cellulosic compounds (polysaccharides) which can be modified by different chemical reagents to increase the number of function groups on the surface , therefore enhancing the rate of linkage with metal ions [25].…”

Section: Modification Of the Agriculture By-product Wastementioning

confidence: 99%

Agriculture By -Products Wastes as Low-Cost Bio-Sorbents for Heavy Metals Removal from Industrial Waste Stream, Short Review

Habib,

Mohamed

2023

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ABSTRACT Heavy metals have been classified as dangerous environmental pollutants. Interest in feasible ways to reduce heavy metals pollution is a noble goal. Adsorption is an effective method based on its effectiveness and low- cost. Nowadays, low-cost bio-sorbents have been utilized to replace costly expensive adsorbents. Rich cellulose materials are effective heavy metal adsorbents, and their performance can be enhanced via chemical modification. The present work reviews the steady progress in the utilization of agriculture by-product wastes as heavy metal bio-sorbent. The unique advantages of these by-products such as renewability, abundance, simple processing, and low cost, justifier this work. The results confirm that the chemically treated agro-wastes exhibit high- removal efficiency (reaches 95% in most cases). The adsorption isotherm studies indicate that the concentration of the metal ions has a significant effect on the adsorption process. The Freundlich model provides a physical adsorption model of the metal ions on the bio-sorbent surface. Langmuir isotherm offers an estimate of the effect of different factors on the efficiency of the process. The adsorption kinetics studies offer an idea of reaction pathways including the adsorption mechanism and the efficiency of the metal ion removal. Applying the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models describes the adsorption kinetics. This information can be utilized in developing effective strategies to remove heavy metal ions using chemically treated agro-waste. The data confirmed that chemical modification is a significant parameter in the efficiency of metal ion removal. The feasibility and effectiveness of using these cellulosic by-products as bio-sorbent should be given attention and encouraged.

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