Sustainable valorization of food wastes into solid fuel by hydrothermal carbonization

Akarsu, Koray; Duman, Gözde; Yilmazer, Alper; Keskin, Tuğba; Azbar, Nuri; Yanık, Jale

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121959

Cited by 90 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Thus, both energy parameters increased with the increase in the process temperature. Similar findings were obtained earlier for olive pomace mill, food waste and spent mushroom substrate hydrochars in studies of potential applications as energy sources [15,19,30]. However, when comparing all of the obtained hydrochars, although the PL-260 sample shows a high HHV value, it is characterized by a very low yield, which significantly reduces its potential for commercial application as a solid fuel.…”

Section: Figure 2 Van Krevelen Diagram Of Starting Biomass Samples and The Obtained Hydrochars Along With Data For Typical Fuels (Typicalsupporting

confidence: 85%

Upgrading fuel potentials of waste biomass via hydrothermal carbonization

Petrović

Simić

Mihajlović

et al. 2021

Hem Ind

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In recent decades, massive exploitation of fossil fuels caused a growing demand for the production of energies from renewable sources. Hydrochar obtained from waste biomass via hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) possesses good potentials as a biofuel. Therefore, we performed HTC of corn cob, paulownia leaves, and olive pomace at different temperatures (180, 220, and 260 oC). The main goal of this study was to comparatively evaluate the influence of HTC conditions on the structure and fuel characteristics of the obtained solids. The results showed that the yields of hydrochar decrease significantly with increasing temperature in all samples. The carbon content and higher heating value increased and reached the highest values in hydrochars obtained at 260 oC, while the content of volatile matter decreased. Furthermore, the Van Krevelen diagram reveals that the transformation of feedstock to lignite-like products upon HTC was achieved. In this study, the results showed that processes of dehydration and decarboxylation during HTC provoke intensive biomass transformation and that hydrochars obtained at higher temperatures have significantly enhanced fuel properties and fewer volatiles compared to the feedstock.

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Section: Figure 2 Van Krevelen Diagram Of Starting Biomass Samples and The Obtained Hydrochars Along With Data For Typical Fuels (Typicalsupporting

confidence: 85%

Upgrading fuel potentials of waste biomass via hydrothermal carbonization

Petrović

Simić

Mihajlović

et al. 2021

Hem Ind

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“…Hydrothermal carbonization [29] experiments were carried out using 2.5 g of rambutan peel (Nephelium lappaceum L.) then added with 50 mL of distilled water which was put into a stainless steel autoclave hydrothermal device and sealed. The autoclave has a high pressure heating system according to the literature of Akarsu et al [30]. The autoclave reaches a temperature of 200 ℃ for 10 hours.…”

Section: Hydrothermal Carbonizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Size Selectivity of Anionic and Cationic Dyes Using LDH Modified Adsorbent with Low-Cost Rambutan Peel to Hydrochar

Normah

Juleanti

Siregar

et al. 2021

Bull. Chem. React. Eng. Catal.

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Modification of the layered double hydroxide of CuAl-LDHs by composite with hydrochar (HC) to form CuAl-HC LDH. Material characterization by XRD, FT-IR and SEM analysis was used to prove the success of the modification. The characterization of XRD and FT-IR spectra showed similarities to pure LDH and HC. Selectivity experiments were carried out by mixing malachite green, methylene blue, rhodamine-B, methyl orange, and methyl red to produce the most suitable methyl blue dye for CuAl-LDH, HC and CuAl-HC adsorbents. The effectiveness of CuAl-HC LDH as adsorbent on methylene blue adsorption was tested through several influences such as adsorption isotherm, thermodynamics, and adsorbent regeneration. CuAl-HC LDH adsorption isotherm data shows that the adsorption process tends to follow the Langmuir isotherm model with a maximum adsorption capacity of 175.439 mg/g with a threefold increase compared to pure LDH. The effectiveness of the adsorbent for repeated use reaches five cycles as evidenced by the maximum capacity regeneration data reaching 82.2%, 79.3%, 77.9%, 76.1%, and 75.8%. Copyright © 2021 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).

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“…According to the weight loss rate at different temperatures in DTG curves, the combustion of WW-UF and hydrochars could be divided into two stages, namely the devolatilization stage (stage I at a temperature of 200-400 °C) and the char combustion stage (stage II at a temperature of 400-550 °C) [14,25,44,45]. The weight loss in the first stage decreased from 64.3% for the raw WW-UF to only 37.2% for HC-260-60, while the weight loss in the second stage increased from 28.6% for WW-UF to 51.4% for HC-260-60, which was in accord with the change of content of volatile matter and fixed carbon content shown Table 1.…”

Section: Combustion Characteristics Of Hydrocharmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of hydrochar and process water formed by hydrothermal carbonization of waste wood containing urea–formaldehyde resin

Shi

Tang

Liu

et al. 2021

Biomass Conv. Bioref.

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Conversion of waste wood containing urea-formaldehyde resin (WW-UF) into solid fuel with lower nitrogen content and better fuel property through the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) process was studied. With the increase of HTC temperature from 180 to 260 °C, the mass yield and energy yield of the hydrochar decreased from 81.2 to 38.7% and from 81.6 to 62.3%, respectively, while the higher heating values (HHV) of the hydrochar increased from 19.2 to 27.1 MJ/kg. Due to the hydrolysis of urea-formaldehyde resin into urea, the denitrogenation efficiency could reach over 80% at 180 °C. However, the denitrogenation efficiency decreased at elevated HTC temperature because of the condensation/polymerization of urea with carbohydrate derivatives. The combustion and pelletization behaviors of the hydrochar were all improved compared to that of the raw WW-UF. FT-IR spectra confirmed that the UF resin and hemicellulose in the WW-UF could be hydrolyzed at 180 °C, but carbonization of cellulose occurred with HTC temperature over 240 °C. The process water was analyzed by LC-MS/MS to confirm that the mono-saccharides, carboxylic acids, carbocyclic compounds, O-heterocyclic compounds, and N-heterocyclic compounds were presented in process water. The study confirmed that hydrothermal carbonization could be one promising method to covert the WW-UF into clean and efficient solid fuel.

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Sustainable valorization of food wastes into solid fuel by hydrothermal carbonization

Cited by 90 publications

References 42 publications

Upgrading fuel potentials of waste biomass via hydrothermal carbonization

Upgrading fuel potentials of waste biomass via hydrothermal carbonization

Size Selectivity of Anionic and Cationic Dyes Using LDH Modified Adsorbent with Low-Cost Rambutan Peel to Hydrochar

Characterization of hydrochar and process water formed by hydrothermal carbonization of waste wood containing urea–formaldehyde resin

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