Sustaining Authority in Persian Lithographed Books: Publishers and Printing in North India, <i>c</i>. 1835–57

Shah, Zahra

doi:10.1080/02666030.2017.1354484

Cited by 4 publications

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“…During the latter half of the 19th century, with the beginning of the local print culture and the spread of lithography, the early printed maps were examined in Banaras. Numerous presses were in operation in the towns and cities of Delhi, Agra, Meerut, Bareilly, and Calcutta, including Banaras (Varanasi), during the period of the 1840s, as per the study Shah (2017). In the study by Gengnagel (2003) found a documented history of printed religious maps produced in Banaras (Varanasi) by Banarsis from1870's.…”

Section: Chronological Development In Print Making Practices In Varanasimentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In the area of printing industry new professions emerged such as publisher/proprietor, editor along with-it skilled laborers like coolies, sponge-men, cleaners, peons, and bheestis (watercarriers) for the maintaining the functionality of press. And the manual laborers and artisans like blacksmith were involved to fulfill the needs of skills in metalwork of typecasting for typography, the scribe and the material had a straight-forward relation to work for the lithography medium Shah (2017).…”

Section: Chronological Development In Print Making Practices In Varanasimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cognizing Non-Toxic Practices in the Print Processes: A Study of Varanasi

Kalyani,

Gupta

2023

ShodhKosh J. Vis. Per. Arts

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Ecology, which is one of the essential practices of sustainable practice, is the talk of the town these days, and professionals from every domain are involved in such practices. This has also been observed in the print medium, where some artists and printmakers take prints using non-toxic materials. Since the ecological aspects of printing have been addressed in many research commentaries, most practitioners still use conventional printing methods and techniques, including materials (toxic), which derive from this research to investigate the significant reasons and construct the practicable framework for the non-practicing professionals and artists. It is well known that Varanasi is a city older than History; as Mark Twain said, thus on other cities can be a better option for conducting a comparative analysis of traditional and ecological print practices. After the argument, this paper reviews the advancements in printing processes used in Varanasi, focusing on toxic and non-toxic methods. It attempts to answer whether traditional printing practices are ecologically friendly. The first part of the paper briefly examines the spread of print media, the different trends and prevalent practices, and their impact on ecology in Varanasi. This part of the research and discussion is based on descriptive analysis. The second section of the paper focuses on current issues in ecology under three broad headings: theory and ecology, practice issues, and ecological effectiveness using discourse analysis to obtain responses from printmakers, and later it would be used to construct the research argument. An important thread running through the second part of the paper is related to discussions about the theory of ecology that is common in print practices and how these practices affect the various areas of ecology and their evaluation.

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Section: Chronological Development In Print Making Practices In Varanasimentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Chronological Development In Print Making Practices In Varanasimentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognizing Non-Toxic Practices in the Print Processes: A Study of Varanasi

Kalyani,

Gupta

2023

ShodhKosh J. Vis. Per. Arts

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Persian Studies in India and the Colonial Universities, 1857–1947

Bruce

2022

Iran. stud.

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The establishment of the colonial universities in India was a watershed moment for the history of Persian studies on the subcontinent. Despite the rise of English and vernacular literatures in the nineteenth century, Persian remained an essential language of instruction in colonial colleges, with generations of Indian students studying Persian to pass university examinations. By closely studying university calendars and courses, this article demonstrates that the colonial universities created and sustained an ecosystem for Persian studies throughout the colonial period, as Orientalists and increasingly Indian Persianists continued to invest in Persian instruction and curricular development. The breadth, diversity, refinement, and expansion of Persian college curricula—which included texts from the classical Persian canon and contemporary literature written by Iranians and Indians—testify to the continued fluidity and dynamism of Persian studies throughout the period. Such a phenomenon demonstrates that the debates and engagement around the Persian language in colonial India contradict its depiction as an obsolete or entirely classical language, and also that colonial college curricula influenced which texts were edited, compiled, printed, translated, and commented upon.

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A TRANSREGIONAL PERSIANATE LIBRARY: THE PRODUCTION AND CIRCULATION OFTADHKIRAS OF PERSIAN POETS IN THE 18^THAND 19^THCENTURIES

Schwartz

2020

Int. J. Middle East Stud.

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The tadhkira (biographical anthology) represents one of the most prolific and prevalent categories of texts produced in Islamicate societies, yet few studies have sought to understand the larger processes that governed their production and circulation on a transregional basis. This article examines and maps the production, circulation, and citation networks of tadhkiras of Persian poets in the 18th and 19th centuries. It understands tadhkiras of Persian poets as a transregional library that served as a repository of accessible and circulating texts meant to be incorporated, reworked, and repackaged by a cadre of authors separated by space and time. By relying on a macroanalytical approach, quantifiable data, and digital mapping, this article highlights the overall construction of the transregional library itself, the impact of state disintegration and formation on its constitution, and the different ways authors on opposite ends of the Persianate world came to view this library by the end of the 19th century.

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Sustaining Authority in Persian Lithographed Books: Publishers and Printing in North India, c. 1835–57

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Cognizing Non-Toxic Practices in the Print Processes: A Study of Varanasi

Cognizing Non-Toxic Practices in the Print Processes: A Study of Varanasi

Persian Studies in India and the Colonial Universities, 1857–1947

A TRANSREGIONAL PERSIANATE LIBRARY: THE PRODUCTION AND CIRCULATION OFTADHKIRAS OF PERSIAN POETS IN THE 18^THAND 19^THCENTURIES

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Sustaining Authority in Persian Lithographed Books: Publishers and Printing in North India, c. 1835–57

Cited by 4 publications

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Cognizing Non-Toxic Practices in the Print Processes: A Study of Varanasi

Cognizing Non-Toxic Practices in the Print Processes: A Study of Varanasi

Persian Studies in India and the Colonial Universities, 1857–1947

A TRANSREGIONAL PERSIANATE LIBRARY: THE PRODUCTION AND CIRCULATION OFTADHKIRAS OF PERSIAN POETS IN THE 18THAND 19THCENTURIES

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A TRANSREGIONAL PERSIANATE LIBRARY: THE PRODUCTION AND CIRCULATION OFTADHKIRAS OF PERSIAN POETS IN THE 18^THAND 19^THCENTURIES