“…There are studies on the defects that are either generally observed in the buildings (Abbott, McDuling, Parsons, & Schoeman, 2007;Faqih, Zayed, & Soliman, 2020;Guo, Wang, & Li, 2021;Macarulla et al, 2013;Richardson, 2002) or specifically on the façade (Amaro, Saraiva, de Brito, & Flores-Colen, 2013;Çelik, Ergin, Dal, & Ay, 2023;Ertemir & Edis, 2022;Pereira, Silva, Brito, & Silvestre, 2020), and some of them consider heritage value too. Amaro et al (2013) and Pereira et al (2020) offer methods for inspection and diagnosis of defects on the wall covered with thermal insulation composite system and rendered façade, respectively.…”