Suture anchor placement technique around the insertion of the ventral rectus muscle for the replacement of the prolapsed gland of the third eyelid in dogs: 100 dogs

Abstract

The suture anchor placement technique provides a cosmetic, rapid, and successful replacement of the prolapsed gland of the third eyelid in dogs. No recurrences were noted. Complications were easily addressed.

Pocket technique or pocket technique combined with modified orbital rim anchorage for the replacement of a prolapsed gland of the third eyelid in dogs: 353 dogs

“…Neither in this study nor in the literature was any statistically significant difference found between the number of left and right eyes affected. In our study, both eyes were involved in 19% of dogs, similar to the data in the literature …”

“…The most common breeds present in this study are similar to those previously published in the international literature . The high percentage of cross‐breeds in our study may be due to their high popularity (44.13% of all dogs) in our region.…”

“…Kaswan and Martin reported 100% success rate in eight dogs treated. The technique recently published by Sapienza et al . in a large study (122 eyes) had a 100% success rate without compromising gland function.…”

“…The etiology is unknown, but the current hypothesis is that this disorder is a juvenile defect, probably hereditary, and due to laxity of the connective tissue which anchors the gland to the third eyelid . A breed predisposition exists for several breeds including the English and American Cocker Spaniel, Basset Hound, Beagle, Boston Terrier, English and French Bulldog, Lhasa Apso, Pekingese, and Shih‐Tzu . It has been suggested that the prolapse is due to the anatomical conformation of the orbit in brachycephalic breeds .…”

“…Many anchoring techniques have been described, using the ventral episcleral fascia, ventral medial sclera, oblique ventral muscle, ventral orbital periosteum, third eyelid cartilage, or loose conjunctival tissue at the base of the third eyelid . Recently, Sapienza described a suture anchor placement technique around the insertion of the ventral rectus muscle, which is neither a pocket nor an imbrication‐anchorage technique. Among the techniques which create a pocket for the gland, Morgan's technique is the most frequently used.…”