Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling of aryldiazonium silica sulfates under mild and heterogeneous conditions

Palladium Nanoparticles Stabilized in Aromatic Polymeric Environment – Highly Active Ligandless Catalysts of Suzuki Cross-Coupling

“…В случае отсутствия лигандов принято говорить о безлигандных каталитических системах, которые в настоящее время рассматриваются как альтернатива гомогенным катализаторам [2]. В качестве безлигандных катализаторов в реакции Сузуки могут использоваться различные соли палладия, которые в процессе реакции выпадают в осадок в виде металлического палладия и могут быть отфильтрованы [2,[5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. Кроме того, разработаны многочисленные методы иммобилизации палладия на различные твердые носители, такие как оксиды металлов, полимеры (в том числе и биополимеры), углерод, а также магнитные наночастицы (НЧ).…”

Cellulose Oxidation and the Use of Carboxyl Cellulose Metal Complexes in Heterogeneous Catalytic Systems to Promote Suzuki-Miyaura Coupling and C−O Bond Formation Reaction

“…Recently, the management of Suzuki-Miyaura reactions under mild conditions using water preferentially as solvent has been studied using sulfate silica and phosphine palladium-platinum bi-nuclear complexes, 28,29 mainly to reduce the cost and also making an environment-friendly reaction. Due to the insolubility in water of cellulose materials, even carboxyl cellulose, we believe that it is possible to use them to afford water based multi-phase systems, substituting organic solvents which are more dangerous, expensive and polluting.…”

Silica–acetylacetone‐supported palladium nanoparticles as an efficient and reusable catalyst in the Heck–Mizoroki C–C cross‐coupling reaction

“…The Heck reaction is one of the most important types of palladium‐catalyzed reactions, and still is one of the vital C–C bond formation reactions in modern organic synthesis . Generally homogeneous catalytic systems for the Heck reactions are palladium salts or organopalladium complexes in the presence of additional ligands, such as phosphines, or an additive which stabilize the palladium species during the reaction and prevent the aggregation and precipitation of catalytically inactive ‘palladium black’ . However, products are commonly contaminated by the residual metal and ligands, which not only can be difficult to separate from the final products but also they may pose environmental concerns.…”

“…Generally homogeneous catalytic systems for the Heck reactions are palladium salts or organopalladium complexes in the presence of additional ligands, such as phosphines, or an additive which stabilize the palladium species during the reaction and prevent the aggregation and precipitation of catalytically inactive ‘palladium black’ . However, products are commonly contaminated by the residual metal and ligands, which not only can be difficult to separate from the final products but also they may pose environmental concerns. In addition to these problems, palladium is an expensive metal, and thus separation and recovery of the palladium complexes are an important goal in palladium catalysis.…”

“…In view of economic and environmental concerns, continuous efforts are now being made to overcome these problems by using heterogeneous catalysts because these types of catalysts can be easily separated from the reaction mixture . Therefore, many efforts have been made to anchor palladium complexes or metallic palladium nanoparticles on various supports.…”