Sweat function in Parkinson's disease

Mano, Yukio; Nakamuro, T; Takayanagi, Tetsuya; Mayer, Richard F.

doi:10.1007/bf00920619

Cited by 48 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…71 Studies evaluating sweating disturbances reported an absence or reduced amplitude of sympathetic sudomotor skin reflex responses (SSRs) in patients with PD, especially those with complaints of hyperhydrosis. [74][75][76][77][78] The pattern of the abnormal SSRs suggested a diminished cholinergic innervation of the sweat glands. In patients with PD or MSA, the sympathetic cholinergic dysfunction is more pronounced in the more affected side.…”

Section: Skinmentioning

confidence: 96%

Lesions outside the CNS in Parkinson's disease

2009

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Parkinson's disease (PD) is not a simple movement disorder induced just by loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Apparently, the substantia nigra is not the only or the first brain region damaged in PD. Moreover, older and recent studies have shown that the degenerative process in PD is much more extensive and affects not only the central nervous system (CNS) but also the peripheral autonomic nervous system and the organs outside the brain that the latter innervates. These include mainly the gastrointestinal tract, the heart, kidneys, urogenital system, and skin. Additional extra-CNS organs that are involved in PD include the eye and the adrenal gland. This article reviews the anatomical, physiological, and clinical features of extracerebral manifestations of PD, and describes their relevance to the etiology and pathogenesis of the disease. It establishes this illness as a systemic CNS and peripheral disorder that warrants new hypotheses regarding its causation and progression.

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Section: Skinmentioning

confidence: 96%

Lesions outside the CNS in Parkinson's disease

2009

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“…Jost WH (1995) [30] Abnormal SSR was found in 35 % patients. Mano Y (1994) [31] Significant correlation was found between abnormal SSR and severity, and duration of disease. Sasaki I (1994) [15] Abnormal SSR was found in 59 % of PD and PSP patients.…”

Section: Frequency Of Dyshidrosis (Table 2)mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…If the contraction period lengthens, the SSR abnormality becomes more pronounced [16,26,29,31]. SSR abnormalities develop readily in the affected motor side [13,24,25].…”

Section: Frequency Of Dyshidrosis (Table 2)mentioning

confidence: 98%

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Sweating dysfunctions in Parkinson’s disease

Hirayama

2006

J Neurol

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There is a high frequency of dyshidrosis in Parkinson's disease. Daily use of an antiparkinsonian drug does not affect sweating. Mental sweating relates to the contraction period and seriousness. However, hyperthermic sweating does not necessarily relate to the contraction period or seriousness. Abnormalities in mental sweating are not necessarily correlated with cardiovascular autonomic disturbances. As the autonomic disturbance becomes more advanced, dyshidrosis becomes more common. Hyperhidrosis may develop with dyskinesia. Hyperhidrosis may be improved by the temporally administration of levodopa. Dyshidrosis might be caused by a centrally-acting abnormality during its early stage. However, postganglional abnormalities as well as central changes may increase as the disease progresses. The presence of dyshidrosis affects the QOL and depression in patients with Parkinson's disease. The only therapy for hyperhydrotic sweating disorders is the administration of levodopa or dopaminagonist. Additional studies including therapy for sweating disorders are necessary.

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“…Information regarding SSRs in PD has been controversial: it has been claimed variously that SSR latencies are increased [20,21], that amplitudes are reduced [22][23], or that responses are even absent [20,24,25], and the pathophysiology causing SSR abnormalities is thought to be both disturbance of the central regulation in the reflex arch [25] and dysfunction of the postganglionic neurons [23]. It also has been suggested that the presence of abnormalities in SSR increases along with PD disease duration and functional disability [21], but there are no prospective studies on the effects of PD medication on SSR.…”

Section: Received April 25 2000; Accepted As Revised October 20 2000mentioning

confidence: 99%

Suppressed sympathetic skin response in Parkinson disease

Haapaniemi

Korpelainen

Tolonen

et al. 2000

Clinical Autonomic Research

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The sympathetic skin response (SSR) was used to evaluate sympathetic sudomotor activity in Parkinson disease (PD) and the effects of antiparkinsonian medication on the disease. We recorded SSRs to electric and auditory stimulation in 58 untreated patients with PD and in 20 healthy controls. In addition to amplitude and latency measurements, we examined the number of SSRs evoked by a single stimulus and the response adaptation after repetitive stimuli. The patients with PD subsequently were randomized for administration of levodopa/ carbidopa (n = 19), bromocriptine (n = 20), or selegiline (n = 19) as their initial treatment. The measurements were repeated after 6 months of medication and after a washout period. SSR amplitudes were significantly lower in patients with PD than in the control subjects at baseline. The amplitude reduction was more pronounced in patients with high Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale scores, in those with high tremor scores, and in those with PD symptoms that had lasted more than 1 year. The levodopa/carbidopa and bromocriptine treatments did not influence SSRs, although selegiline slightly decreased the amplitude. The synchronous responses after a single stimulus were more often repetitive in the patients with PD than in the controls, although the response adaptation tendencies were similar. In conclusion, the degenerative process in PD involves the sudomotor system as reflected by the progressive suppression of SSR amplitudes with a correlation to PD symptom duration and clinical disability, whereas PD medications seems to have only minor effects. The changes in amplitude and the repetitiveness of SSRs with normal adaptation may be caused by deficits at several levels of the SSR reflex arch.

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Sweat function in Parkinson's disease

Cited by 48 publications

References 25 publications

Lesions outside the CNS in Parkinson's disease

Lesions outside the CNS in Parkinson's disease

Sweating dysfunctions in Parkinson’s disease

Suppressed sympathetic skin response in Parkinson disease

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