Swedish agricultural landscapes — patterns and changes during the last 50 years, studied by aerial photos

Ihse, Margareta

doi:10.1016/0169-2046(94)01033-5

Cited by 229 publications

(140 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Un'importante parametro di analisi delle dinamiche del paesaggio agro-forestale è il confronto tra le coperture del suolo di differenti periodi storici (Ihse 1987, Hall et al 1991, Ihse 1995, Axelsson & Östlund 2001. A tal fine sono state utilizzate, previa digitalizzazione, le foto aeree degli anni 1954 (Volo Gai) e 2000 (Volo Alluvione).…”

Section: Dinamiche DI Uso Del Suolounclassified

Dynamics of the forest landscape: evolution of newly-established forests on pastures in Corte Pogallo - Val Grande National Park (VB - Italy)

Garbarino¹,

Pividori²

2006

Forest@

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Dynamics of the forest landscape: evolution of newly-established forests on pastures in Corte Pogallo -Val Grande National Park (VB -Italy). The aim of the present study was to investigate forest expansion, dynamics and recolonization of former crop lands, fallows and hayfields in a mountainous area (Corte Pogallo -777 m s.l.m.) located within Val Grande National Park (VB -Italy). The site has been characterized by mountainous forests for ages, until the beginning of XX th century, when a timbering company was settled there. The whole area has been hardly deforested until the 1960, when the settlement has been completely abandoned. By matching historical (1954, 2000) aerial photographs with several test plots on the ground, the dynamic evolution of the area at the study site was analyzed using a multi-scale sampling method. To assess the stand structure, two transects were established starting from the crop fields (occurring at the valley floor) up to the beech coppice stand (occurring along the mountain slope). A mixed composition of pioneer forest species and fruit trees was found at the ecotone, while pioneer species became more and more dominant along the slope up to the beech coppice stand (the former forest margin before abandonment). Using a GIS software, pinpoint sample data and historical aerial photographs were combined and compared. Maps of land-use change revealed that forests have recolonized about 71% of the former crop area since the last fifty years

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Section: Dinamiche DI Uso Del Suolounclassified

Dynamics of the forest landscape: evolution of newly-established forests on pastures in Corte Pogallo - Val Grande National Park (VB - Italy)

Garbarino¹,

Pividori²

2006

Forest@

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“…They will be more like the Swedish 19th century landscape than the present landscape dominated by dense spruce forests and rectangular intensively cropped arable fields (Ihse, 1995;Lindborg, 2006). Large connected pasture mosaics also reduce the risk of local extinction of grassland species thanks to larger population sizes and better possibilities of re-colonization (Kiviniemi, 1997;Eriksson et.al., 2002;Cousins & Lindborg, 2008).…”

Section: Growth Creating Resourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Profitable Swedish lamb production by economies of scale

Kumm

2009

Small Ruminant Research

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Economic sustainability assumes profitability (revenues ≥ costs including annual cash expenses as well as family labor and investments). Calculations suggest that sheep flocks of more than 500 ewes can be profitable under Swedish conditions whereas smaller flocks are unprofitable unless they are managed by cheap existing resources including buildings, fences, machinery and family labor with low or no opportunity costs. Despite this economies of scale less than 1 % of the Swedish sheep flocks have 500 or more ewes. Possible reasons are, according to interviews with lamb producers which have built up for Swedish conditions large sheep flocks of 90-900 ewes (average 380), growth sacrifices when developing large flocks and lack of accessible cheap land for providing large flocks with pasture and winter forage. The growth sacrifices reducing revenues or increasing costs during or immediately after the growth period include low production of primiparous ewes, reclamation of additional land and capital costs of new buildings before the flock has been expanded to the intended number. The chas-flow is another problem for expanding sheep operations.Profitable lamb production presupposes large areas of land with zero or low opportunity costs. In fertile flatlands the opportunity costs are too high and in forest dominated regions it is difficult to get hold of large enough areas near the farm centre for pasture and winter feed production. The latter problem can be solved by leasing cheap land further away and transporting feed and grazing animals, and by extending present pastures by incorporating adjacent overgrown pastures, marginal arable land and forest land. Another requirement for long-term profitable lamb production is to reduce the costs of new sheep sheds below what is a common cost level in Sweden.

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“…Remote sensing might be helpful in evaluating the different land covers (Alhaddad et al, 2012). To study changes in the landscape and monitor the biological diversity at the biotope and landscape levels (Ihse, 1995), methods have been developed to describe and quantify changes to semi-natural vegetation and small biotopes and spatial patterns in ecological terms. The land use information, regarding other recent spatial elements, is integrated into the GIS system.…”

Section: Remote Sensing and The Conservation Of Cultural Landscapesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Remote Sensing Technology on the Delimitation of the Conservation Area for the Jianan Irrigation System Cultural Landsccape

Wang¹

2015

Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.

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In recent years the cultural landscape has become an important issue for cultural heritages throughout the world. It represents the "combined works of nature and of man" designated in Article 1 of the World Heritage Convention. When a landscape has a cultural heritage value, important features should be marked and mapped through the delimitation of a conservation area, which may be essential for further conservation work. However, a cultural landscape’s spatial area is usually wider than the ordinary architectural type of cultural heritage, since various elements and impact factors, forming the cultural landscape’s character, lie within a wide geographic area. It is argued that the conservation of a cultural landscape may be influenced by the delimitation of the conservation area, the corresponding land management measures, the limits and encouragements. <br><br> The Jianan Irrigation System, an historical cultural landscape in southern Taiwan, was registered as a living cultural heritage site in 2009. However, the system’s conservation should not be limited to just only the reservoir or canals, but expanded to irrigated areas where farmland may be the most relevant. Through the analysis process, only approximately 42,000 hectares was defined as a conservation area, but closely related to agricultural plantations and irrigated by the system. This is only half of the 1977 irrigated area due to urban sprawl and continuous industrial expansion.

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Swedish agricultural landscapes — patterns and changes during the last 50 years, studied by aerial photos

Cited by 229 publications

References 3 publications

Dynamics of the forest landscape: evolution of newly-established forests on pastures in Corte Pogallo - Val Grande National Park (VB - Italy)

Dynamics of the forest landscape: evolution of newly-established forests on pastures in Corte Pogallo - Val Grande National Park (VB - Italy)

Profitable Swedish lamb production by economies of scale

Using Remote Sensing Technology on the Delimitation of the Conservation Area for the Jianan Irrigation System Cultural Landsccape

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