Swedish social mix policy: a general policy without an explicit ethnic focus

Holmqvist, Emma; Bergsten, Zara

doi:10.1007/s10901-009-9162-0

Cited by 26 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Mixing strategies are questioned and need scientific support if continued in (especially) times of economic crisis (Galster, 2007;Holmqvist and Bergsten, 2009 Our first finding is that the strength of the estimated contextual effects increases when statistics based on scalable individualized neighborhoods are used to measure context.…”

Section: Concluding Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contextual effects on educational attainment in individualised, scalable neighbourhoods: Differences across gender and social class

Andersson

Malmberg

2014

Urban Studies

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This paper analyzes if a multi-scale representation of geographical context based on statistical aggregates computed for individualized neighborhoods can lead to improved estimates of neighborhood effect. Our study group consists of individuals born in 1980 that have lived in Sweden since 1995 and we analyze the effect of neighborhood context at age 15 on educational outcome at age 30 controlling for parental background. A new software, Equipop, was used to compute the socio-economic composition of neighborhoods centered on individual residential locations and ranging in scale from including the nearest 12 to the nearest 25,600 neighbors. Our results indicate that context measures based on fixed geographical sub-divisions can lead to an underestimation of neighborhood effects. A multi-scalar representation of geographical context also makes it easier to estimate how neighborhood effects vary across different demographic groups. This indicates that scale-sensitive measures of geographical context could help to re-invigorate the neighborhood effects literature.

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Section: Concluding Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contextual effects on educational attainment in individualised, scalable neighbourhoods: Differences across gender and social class

Andersson

Malmberg

2014

Urban Studies

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“…One example of an effort to tackle segregation in Sweden is the "social mix policy" dating from the 1970s (Holmqvist and Bergsten, 2009) There is an on!going debate between Swedish policy makers and researchers about the classification of the segregation problem as 'ethnic' 4 or 'socio economic'. Although new immigrants receive a substantial share of public service expenditure there is a gap in terms of employment opportunities and choice of housing options between 'ethnic others' and 'ethnic Swedes'.…”

Section: (And ) ' * +mentioning

confidence: 99%

Geographies of ethnic segregation in Stockholm: The role of mobility and co-presence in shaping the ‘diverse’ city

Rokem

Vaughan

2018

Urban Studies

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This article assesses how urban segregation and ethnic diversity in Stockholm have been shaped by spatial policy and migration trajectories over time. Much of the urban studies and planning literature defines segregation as a measure of residential mixing. In contrast, our research suggests that segregation could be understood as a lack of opportunities for interaction in public space. In the case of Stockholm, space syntax network analysis and the establishment of ethnicity as a statistical category suggest that despite the social infrastructure provided by the Swedish state, the city’s specific spatial configuration alongside its policies of housing allocation have resulted in severe constraints on the potential for co-presence between new immigrants and the native Swedish population. Spatial analysis suggests that the city’s public transport infrastructure is a contributory factor in maintaining separation between foreign-born and ethnic Swedes. Coupled with a high level of social deprivation amongst new immigrants, the result is a multi-dimensional spatial segregation process that persists amongst the second immigrant generation, reinforcing ethnic and socio-economic area-based housing segregation. We conclude that despite Sweden’s long-standing political vision of social integration, its capital is suffering from increasing ethnic spatial differentiation, which will most likely persist unless a greater consideration of spatial connectivity and an introduction of ethnic and racial equality data in policy and practice are brought to bear.

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“…It must be supposed that urban planning efforts to focus on mixing housing with different forms of tenure (e.g. social housing, rental housing, and privately owned housing), would effectively counteract the process of segregation [172]. A proportionate distribution of social housing across municipalities ( With regards to areas under existing social stress, the problem is more challenging because the social development in such areas needs to be changed.…”

Section: Effective Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%