Sweet Basil Seed Mucilage as a Gelling agent in Nasal Drug Delivery

Abstract

Intranasal gel formulation with mucilage of natural origin has been potentially explored as an alternative dosage form of drug administration. The purpose of present investigation was to develop paracetamol loaded nasal gel with sweet basil seed mucilage (BSM) as a gelling agent obtained by thermal-hydration process and to characterise both mucilage as well as the gel formulations. Phytochemical screening of BSM reveals it to be rich in carbohydrates. The FT-IR spectrum of the mucilage exhibits the presence of O-H, C-H, and-COO −. The mucilage showed high swelling index of 462% and relative viscosity of BSM dispersion (0.25% w/v) in nasal medium was found to be 2.94 at 25⁰ C. Nasal gel formulations demonstrated satisfactory pH, spreadability, extrudibility and drug content. The in vitro release profile of G1 (6%w/w BSM) demonstrated almost 95% release with Korsmeyer-Peppas kinetics with highest values of permeability coefficient and steady-state flux. Other formulations with 8-10%w/w BSM exhibited 70-80% release within 2.5 hours. G2 and G3 followed zero order kinetics with quasi-Fickian diffusion. The study indicates that G1 (6 %w/w BSM) can be selected for nasal gel formulation which may be used for in vivo studies in future.

Influence of calcium chloride and pH on soluble complex of whey protein‐basil seed gum and xanthan gum

“…Ocimum Basilicum, commonly known as Basil, belongs to the Lamiaceae family is a one‐year‐old herb with small shoots and a favorable aroma (Dode et al., 2003; Padel et al., 2009). The secondary wall of basil seeds is covered with mucilage (Avlani et al.,). Basil seed gum (BSG) with high molecular weight (2,320 kDa) is used as a stabilizer, fat replacer, controller of ice crystal growth, suspending agent, and emulsion stabilizer in the formulation of pharmaceutical suspensions and food products (Avlani et al.,; Razavi et al., 2011; Razavi & Naji‐Tab asi, 2017; Zeynali et al., 2019).…”

“…The secondary wall of basil seeds is covered with mucilage (Avlani et al.,). Basil seed gum (BSG) with high molecular weight (2,320 kDa) is used as a stabilizer, fat replacer, controller of ice crystal growth, suspending agent, and emulsion stabilizer in the formulation of pharmaceutical suspensions and food products (Avlani et al.,; Razavi et al., 2011; Razavi & Naji‐Tab asi, 2017; Zeynali et al., 2019). The rheological behavior of BSG affects the improvement of the functional properties of foods (Razavi et al., 2007).…”

Fractionation and characterization of heat‐stable basil seed protein isolates and their utilization in high protein gluten‐free bread

“…In addition, basil seeds have been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of cough, headache, diarrhea, stomachache, constipation, and skin infections (Shahrajabian et al, 2020). However, the literature on the characterization and potential uses of basil seed proteins is relatively scarce, while basil seed gums have been keenly investigated (Avlani et al, 2019; Hussain et al, 2019). A complementary approach can be taken in order to simultaneously valorize both gums and proteins from oil processing by products.…”