Swelling behavior and morphological properties of semi-IPN hydrogels based on ionic and non-ionic components

A series of nanoporous sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) hydrogel beads were prepared using FeCl3 ionic crosslinker by changing polymer and crosslinker percentages (%). Characteristics of the hydrogels were investigated by gel content, swelling test, degradation test, Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope/Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (SEM/EDX), and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). Swelling experiments were studied by changing time, temperature, and pH. The swelling percentage (S%) regularly decreased with increasing the amounts of polymer and crosslinker, in contrast with gel content results. NaCMC hydrogels were found to be sensitive to pH variations. The degradation test showed that hydrogels had good stability and their degradation period varied from 30 to 36 days. According to SEM analysis, NaCMC hydrogels had mostly nanoporous structure. The average granule and pore sizes of the least swollen NaCMC-12 hydrogel were found to be 13.1±0.3 nm and 82.1±3.2 nm. The elemental compositions of hydrogels were determined with EDX. The minimum average surface roughness (Ra) and root mean square roughness (Rms) parameters were found to be 15.7±1.9 nm and 20.3±2.2 nm for NaCMC-12 hydrogels by AFM. Due to their good morphologies, stabilities, and swelling behaviors, NaCMC hydrogels can be suitable for biomaterial applications.

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“…The tests were performed until constant weight was reached. The swelling percentages ( %) of hydrogels were calculated from [23][24][25].…”

Section: Swelling Behaviorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Characterization of Nanoporous Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose Hydrogel Beads

Akalın

Pulat

2018

Journal of Nanomaterials

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“…Semi-IPN polymers are prepared by dissolving a linear polymer in a hydrophilic monomer and a crosslinking agent. Thus, a synthetic hydrogel network is formed around a primary polymer chain that modi es the behavior of the hydrogel [11][12]. Moreover, the preparation of nanocomposite (NC) hydrogels compounding with lamellar materials results in systems with optimized mechanical, sorption, and nutrient desorption properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Different Surface-Charged Lamellar Materials on Swelling Properties of Nanocomposite Hydrogels

et al. 2021

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This study investigated the effect of different surface-charged lamellar materials on the swelling and diffusion properties of synthesized polyacrylamide-methylcellulose hydrogels (HG). Montmorillonite and hydrotalcite thermally activated at two different temperatures (300 and 550 ºC) were incorporated in the preparation of nanocomposite (NC) hydrogels. A series of NC hydrogels were prepared by varying the lamellar material content (1:1, 2:1 and 4:1). The results showed that the HG with hydrotalcite (550 ºC) was strongly dependent on the ionic intensity, and that the swelling degree increased by 50%, 65% and 78% with reducing the hydrotalcite content at (1:1), (2:1) and (4:1), respectively. The water absorption capacity of HG containing montmorillonite or hydrotalcite (300 ºC) was slightly affected when the pH decreased from 7 to 3. However, the pH variation from 7 to 10 increased the water absorption capacity of most HG, except those containing hydrotalcite (550 ºC) at (2:1) and (4:1). The presence of lamellar nanoparticles in hydrogels made the polymer matrix more rigid, and less likely to absorb water. In contrast, HG with hydrotalcite (550 ºC) at (2:1) and (4:1) showed anomalous behavior with an increase in their water absorption capacity. The results support that the developed NC-HG can be suitable candidates for applications as controlled released materials.

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“…Specifically, acrylic acid has been used to produce interpenetrating polymer networks with singular characteristics. For example, acrylic acid can be combined with other monomers to produce hydrogels with high swelling indexes: 1660 % for poly(acrylic acid)/poly(vinyl alcohol) and 4860 % for hydrogels composed of acrylamide, acrylic acid, and chitosan . In the pharmaceutical industry, the most significant advances were achieved in controlled drug release, such as ornidazole by carboxymethyl chitin, insulin by chitosan, paclitaxel by hyaluronic acid, doxorubicin by poly(amido‐amines), ketoprofen by poly(ethylene glycol), and camptothecin and vincristine by poly(lactide‐co‐glycolide) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlled release of an optically active compound by hydrogels of acrylic acid and its online detection

et al. 2017

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Hydrogels of acrylic acid were produced through solution free radical polymerization at 70 °C. The materials obtained were put in contact with D‐fructose solution and the swelling behaviour was registered. The swollen hydrogels were immersed in distilled water and the D‐fructose released was quantified in real time by a low‐cost polarized light optoelectronic detection system. A simplified mathematical model was developed in order to represent the system under study. This model was tested against experimental data, showing good agreement. Additionally, the effect of the model parameters on the prediction profiles was evaluated.

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Swelling behavior and morphological properties of semi-IPN hydrogels based on ionic and non-ionic components

Cited by 12 publications

References 35 publications

Preparation and Characterization of Nanoporous Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose Hydrogel Beads

Preparation and Characterization of Nanoporous Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose Hydrogel Beads

Effect of Different Surface-Charged Lamellar Materials on Swelling Properties of Nanocomposite Hydrogels

Controlled release of an optically active compound by hydrogels of acrylic acid and its online detection

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