Swelling study of perfluorosulphonated ionomer membranes

Gebel, Gérard; Aldebert, P.; Pinéri, M.

doi:10.1016/0032-3861(93)90086-p

Cited by 203 publications

(182 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…However, the swelling of membrane is anisotropic favoring the direction along thickness, which is likely due to the much smaller throughplane dimension (∼0.018 cm) than the in-plane dimensions (∼2.5 cm × 2.5 cm). 27 From the macroscopic solvent weight uptake, we can calculate the solvent molar uptake (λ) and the solvent volume fraction ( ) of Li-N117. Solvent molar uptake reflects the molar ratio of Li + and solvent molecules within the membrane.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Investigation of the Ionic Conductivity and Species Crossover of Lithiated Nafion 117 in Nonaqueous Electrolytes

Darling

Gallagher

et al. 2015

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Nonaqueous redox flow batteries are a fast-growing area of research and development motivated by the need to develop lowcost energy storage systems. The identification of a highly conductive, yet selective membrane, is of paramount importance to enabling such a technology. Herein, we report the swelling behavior, ionic conductivity, and species crossover of lithiated Nafion 117 membranes immersed in three nonaqueous electrolytes (PC, PC : EC, and DMSO). Our results show that solvent volume fraction within the membrane has the greatest effect on both conductivity and crossover. An approximate linear relationship between diffusive crossover of neutral redox species (ferrocene) and the ionic conductivity of membrane was observed. As a secondary effect, the charge on redox species modifies crossover rates in accordance with Donnan exclusion. The selectivity of membrane is derived mathematically and compared to experimental results reported here. The relatively low selectivity for lithiated Nafion 117 in nonaqueous conditions suggests that new membranes are required for competitive nonaqueous redox flow batteries to be realized. Large scale energy storage for the electricity grid is widely considered to be necessary for enabling the use of intermittent renewables as primary power sources, for stabilizing power delivery in developing economies, and for facilitating a range of high-value grid services aimed at improving efficiency and lifetime.1 To date, broad market penetration of energy storage systems has been hindered primarily by high installation and operation costs, resulting in only ∼2.5% of the total electricity production in the US relying on grid energy storage predominantly in the form of pumped hydro-electric.2 However, the rapid and sustained growth of renewable electricity generation (e.g., solar photovoltaic, wind) continues to drive the need for advanced low cost energy storage.3-5 While certain energy storage technologies, such as lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries, are currently at a price point to fulfill niche markets, 6 present electrical energy storage technologies, in general, are still not economically viable for wide-scale deployment, spurring research and development efforts worldwide. 7Redox flow batteries (RFBs) are electrochemical systems wellsuited for multi-hour energy storage and offer several key advantages over enclosed batteries (e.g., Li-ion, Lead-acid) including independent scaling of power and energy, long service life, improved safety, and simplified manufacturing. [8][9][10][11] Since their advent in the 1970s, 12 numerous aqueous redox chemistries have been developed but none has experienced widespread commercial success. The use of nonaqueous electrolytes in flow batteries is a nascent, yet burgeoning, concept.Transitioning from aqueous to nonaqueous electrolytes offers an extended window of electrochemical stability (> 3 V) and an enriched selection of redox materials due to the broader design space. However, this approach is not without technical hurdles such as the identificati...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Investigation of the Ionic Conductivity and Species Crossover of Lithiated Nafion 117 in Nonaqueous Electrolytes

Darling

Gallagher

et al. 2015

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…This relationship is referred to as non-affine deformation and has been shown to occur for PFSA membranes by a number of studies in literature [11,[18][19][20][21][22]29,[33][34][35]. Despite the growing body of literature on the sorption behavior [7,8,10,24,34,35,38,40,[44][45][46][47][48][49][50] and nano-structural modeling and characterization [11,13,[17][18][19][20][21][22]28,29,31,[33][34][35][36]39,49,51,52] of PFSA ionomers, the relationship between the water uptake and nanostructure, temperature, mechanical properties and membrane pretreatment is not well established. Understanding of these issues requires a general, yet fundamental model, which is the subject of this study.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanics-based model for non-affine swelling in perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) membranes

Kusoglu

Santare

Karlsson

2009

Polymer

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“…However, it is probably due to the interfacial properties of the membrane, such as the fluorocarbon-rich skin on the surface of Nafion ® [29,30] or the removal of a liquid-vapor meniscus at the membrane surface [31]. Overall, the final picture of a liquid-equilibrated membrane is a porous structure, with average channel and cluster sizes between 1 and 2 nm and 2 to 4 nm, respectively [32,33].…”

Section: Membrane Physical Picturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…They used factors of 1. 29 The transformation can be done in various ways. Springer et al [10] popularized using an expansion factor of…”

Section: Membrane Swelling (Thickness)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Macroscopic Modeling of Polymer-Electrolyte Membranes

Weber

Newman

2007

Advances in Fuel Cells

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Swelling study of perfluorosulphonated ionomer membranes

Cited by 203 publications

References 16 publications

An Investigation of the Ionic Conductivity and Species Crossover of Lithiated Nafion 117 in Nonaqueous Electrolytes

An Investigation of the Ionic Conductivity and Species Crossover of Lithiated Nafion 117 in Nonaqueous Electrolytes

Mechanics-based model for non-affine swelling in perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) membranes

Macroscopic Modeling of Polymer-Electrolyte Membranes

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