Swept-source and optical coherence tomography angiography in patients with X-linked retinoschisis

Abstract

PurposeTo explore the structural features of juvenile X-linked retinoschisis (XLRS) using swept-source-optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A).DesignRetrospective, observational cross-sectional study.Patients and methodsNine patients (18 eyes) diagnosed with juvenile XLRS were included. SS-OCT and OCT-A were used to evaluate the characteristics of the inner/outer retina and the choroid.ResultsSS-OCT showed that the inner nuclear layer (INL) was the most commonly affected area (16/18 eyes; 89%). No significant differences in central macular thickness (CMT) or subfield choroidal thickness (SFCT) were evidenced between eyes (CMT: 364 μm in the right eye vs 320 μm in the left eye; SFCT: 305 vs 307 μm; P=0.895). Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) did not correlate with CMT (rs= -0.19; P=0.445) or SFCT (rs=0.06; P=0.795). BCVA was significantly correlated with the following defects: outer plexiform layer (OPL; rs=0.50; P=0.036); external limiting membrane (ELM; rs=0.65; P=0.003); ellipsoid portion of inner segment (EPIS; rs=0.67; P=0.002); and the cone outer segment tips (COST; rs=0.69; P=0.001). Schisis at the INL revealed a spoke-like pattern in the foveal region and a reticular pattern in the parafoveal region on en-face imaging. In cases in which the schisis affected the OPL, multiple polygonal hyporeflective cavities were observed in the foveal region.ConclusionsThe hyporeflective spaces on SS-OCT were primarily located at the INL and OPL. BCVA did not correlate with CMT or SFCT; however, ELM, EPIS, and COST defects were significantly correlated with worse BCVA. There was a positive correlation between age and SFCT.

Multi-center clinical study using optical coherence tomography for evaluation of cervical lesions in-vivo

“…Although the imaging depth is relatively shallow compared to other clinical imaging methods, such as ultrasound, MRI, and CT, the resolution of OCT in tissues is 50–100 times higher than that of ultrasound, far higher than the resolution of MRI and CT. With its advantages of high resolution, rapid imaging, and non-invasiveness, OCT has attracted much attention in clinical applications. Currently, it has been widely applied to examinations of ophthalmic 14 , cardiovascular 15 , and oral diseases 16 .…”

OCT Angiography: A Technique for the Assessment of Retinal and Optic Nerve Diseases in the Pediatric Population

“…In these studies, a reduced macular deep vessel density was seen. This finding was attributed to a displacement and disruption of the vessels due to schitic cysts [98,99].…”

“…OCT-A has been used in the study of other pediatric retinal pathologies including X-linked retinoschisis (XLRS) [78,98,99], an X-linked recessive disorder that occurs almost exclusively in young males and that entails an early-onset bilateral visual loss due to foveal schisis. In these studies, a reduced macular deep vessel density was seen.…”

Multi-center Clinical Study Using Optical Coherence Tomography for Evaluation of Cervical Lesions In-vivo

“…Although the imaging depth is relatively shallow compared to other clinical imaging methods, such as ultrasound, MRI, and CT, the resolution of OCT in tissues is 50-100 times higher than that of ultrasound, far higher than the resolution of MRI and CT. With its advantages of high resolution, rapid imaging, and non-invasiveness, OCT has attracted much attention in clinical applications. Currently, it has been widely applied to examinations of ophthalmic [14], cardiovascular [15], and oral diseases [16].…”