Swimming performance of marine fish larvae: review of a universal trait under ecological and environmental pressure

Downie, Adam T.; Illing, Björn; Faria, Ana M.; Rummer, Jodie L.

doi:10.1007/s11160-019-09592-w

Cited by 53 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 120 publications

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“…The U crit methodology has been criticized for several reasons, including its sensitivity to the time intervals and velocity increments used ( Farlinger and Beamish, 1977 ; Kolok, 1999 ; Fisher and Leis, 2010 ; Downie et al , 2020 ). Although some fish species and life stages seem to be robust against changes in U crit protocols ( Fisher and Leis, 2010 ; Dalziel and Schulte, 2012 ), other findings suggest sensitivities to changes in the methodology ( Kolok, 1999 ; Downie and Kieffer, 2017 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This information has supported the use of swimming performance as a proxy for whole-organism performance and condition in fishes, including their early life stages, and has led to management recommendations (e.g. for fishway use in rivers; Braaten et al , 2015 ; Downie et al , 2020 ). Surprisingly, and to our best knowledge, no studies have tested the effects of using different critical swimming performance protocols in marine fish larvae yet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Protocols for measuring critical swimming speeds ( U crit ) consist of a step-wise increase in flow velocity until the test subject fatigues. Protocols can vary in the step height (increment; cm s −1 ) or step length (interval; min) and various combinations have been used for measuring U crit (see Downie et al , 2020 for a review of U crit criteria). Most protocols are adapted to the swimming abilities of the tested species and vary across climate regions (see Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…( A ) Increments and ( B ) intervals are separated by the temperate, subtropical and tropical climate regions the tested species inhabit (blue, green and yellow, respectively). Data on U crit protocols were collected through a systematic literature search (see Downie et al , 2020 for the search term), and 36 papers were identified ( n = 56 trials). We excluded one polar species (shorthorn sculpin; 1-cm s −1 increment, 2-min interval).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Automated flow control of a multi-lane swimming chamber for small fishes indicates species-specific sensitivity to experimental protocols

Illing

Severati

Hochen

et al. 2021

Conservation Physiology

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In fishes, swimming performance is considered an important metric to measure fitness, dispersal and migratory abilities. The swimming performance of individual larval fishes is often integrated into models to make inferences on how environmental parameters affect population-level dynamics (e.g. connectivity). However, little information exists regarding how experimental protocols affect the swimming performance of marine fish larvae. In addition, the technical setups used to measure larval fish swimming performance often lack automation and accurate control of water quality parameters and flow velocity. In this study, we automated the control of multi-lane swimming chambers for small fishes by developing an open-source algorithm. This automation allowed us to execute repeatable flow scenarios and reduce operator interference and inaccuracies in flow velocity typically associated with manual control. Furthermore, we made structural modifications to a prior design to reduce the areas of lower flow velocity. We then validated the flow dynamics of the new chambers using computational fluid dynamics and particle-tracking software. The algorithm provided an accurate alignment between the set and measured flow velocities and we used it to test whether faster critical swimming speed (Ucrit) protocols (i.e. shorter time intervals and higher velocity increments) would increase Ucrit of early life stages of two tropical fish species [4–10-mm standard length (SL)]. The Ucrit of barramundi (Lates calcarifer) and cinnamon anemonefish (Amphiprion melanopus) increased linearly with fish length, but in cinnamon anemonefish, Ucrit started to decrease upon metamorphosis. Swimming protocols using longer time intervals (more than 2.5 times increase) negatively affected Ucrit in cinnamon anemonefish but not in barramundi. These species-specific differences in swimming performance highlight the importance of testing suitable Ucrit protocols prior to experimentation. The automated control of flow velocity will create more accurate and repeatable data on swimming performance of larval fishes. Integrating refined measurements into individual-based models will support future research on the effects of environmental change.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Automated flow control of a multi-lane swimming chamber for small fishes indicates species-specific sensitivity to experimental protocols

Illing

Severati

Hochen

et al. 2021

Conservation Physiology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Species that possess narrow optimal thermal ranges, live near their thermal limits, or have long development times at cold temperatures are at-risk under warming climate scenarios as temperature can have strong direct and indirect effects at early-life stages (Blaxter, 1991; Dahlke et al, 2020; Ficke et al, 2007; Lim et al, 2017; Mari et al, 2016; Pepin, 1991). Unlike their marine counterparts, most freshwater fishes are restricted to their lake system, where their ability to evade the effects of climate change is impeded due to the isolated nature of lakes (Ficke et al, 2007) and limited swimming capacity during early-life stages (Downie et al, 2020; Herbing, 2002). Fundamental questions for eco-evolutionary and conservation biologists in a global change context include how lake fishes will respond to rising water temperatures and what adaptive mechanisms may be involved (Hairston et al, 2005; Kinnison & Hairston, 2007; Pelletier et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of warming temperatures on coregonine embryogenesis within and among species

Stewart

Mäkinen

Goulon

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The greatest response of lakes to climate change has been the increase in water temperatures on a global scale. The responses of many lake fishes to warming water temperatures are projected to be inadequate to counter the speed and magnitude of climate change, leaving some species vulnerable to decline and extinction. We experimentally evaluated the responses of embryos from a group of cold, stenothermic fishes (Salmonidae Coregoninae), within conspecifics across lake systems, between congeners within the same lake system, and among congeners across lake systems, to a thermal gradient using an incubation method that enabled global comparisons. Study groups included cisco (Coregonus artedi) from lakes Superior and Ontario (USA), and vendace (C. albula) and European whitefish (C. lavaretus) from Lake Southern Konnevesi (Finland). All species spawn in the fall and their embryos incubate over winter before hatching in spring. Embryos were incubated at water temperatures of 2.0, 4.5, 7.0, and 9.0C, and the responses to the incubation temperatures were quantified for life-history (i.e., embryo survival and incubation period) and morphological traits (i.e., length-at-hatch and yolk-sac volume). We found contrasting reaction norms to temperature in embryo survival and similar reaction norms to temperature for incubation period, length-at-hatch, and yolk-sac volume in conspecific and congeneric coregonines. For example, congeneric responses differed in embryonic survival in the same system, suggesting species differences in adaptability to warming winter temperatures. Differential levels of parental effects were found within and among study groups and traits suggesting population biodiversity may provide more flexibility for populations to cope with changing inter-annual environmental conditions. Our results suggest coregonines may have a wide range of embryo responses to changing winter conditions as a result of climate change.

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Small fish eat smaller fish: A model of interaction strength in early life stages of two tuna species

Ottmann

Reglero

Alemany

et al. 2022

Limnol Oceanogr Letters

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Most marine fishes die during their first days of life falling prey for other animals, and even minor changes in early predation rates can lead to order-of-magnitude variation in the number of individuals recruiting to the adult population. However, quantifying predation in fish early life stages and linking species-specific interactions to recruitment and population dynamics is challenging. Here, we test the hypothesis that recovery of the commercially exploited Atlantic bluefin tuna can affect early survival of the Mediterranean albacore through predator-prey interactions of their early life stages. We find that when the predator species is present, they have a large predatory capacity on the prey species, but their patchy distribution may limit their total effect. Along with other processes affecting early survival, this interaction can contribute to a loss of recruitment potential to later stages.

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Swimming performance of marine fish larvae: review of a universal trait under ecological and environmental pressure

Cited by 53 publications

References 120 publications

Automated flow control of a multi-lane swimming chamber for small fishes indicates species-specific sensitivity to experimental protocols

Automated flow control of a multi-lane swimming chamber for small fishes indicates species-specific sensitivity to experimental protocols

Influence of warming temperatures on coregonine embryogenesis within and among species

Small fish eat smaller fish: A model of interaction strength in early life stages of two tuna species

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