Swine Dysentery: Failure of an Attenuated Strain of Spirochaete, Given Orally, To Protect Pigs Against Subsequent Challenge

Hudson, Maria; Alexander, T.J.L.; Lysons, R. J.; Wellstead, Patricia D.

doi:10.1016/s0007-1935(17)35958-4

Cited by 29 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…However, colitis was found impossible to induce by exposing susceptible pigs to these spirochetes (20,39). Conversely, the occurrence of avirulent strains of S. hyodysenteriae has been reported (3,21,25,31,36). Since strains of the species S. hyodysenteriae are phenotypically different from group II only by a strong hemolysis (Table 2), they are not easily distinguished from the less virulent Serpulina strains of group II.…”

Section: Except For Cluster III Which Is Represented By S Innocens mentioning

confidence: 99%

The phylogeny of intestinal porcine spirochetes (Serpulina species) based on sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA gene

et al. 1996

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Four type or reference strains and twenty-two field strains of intestinal spirochetes isolated from Swedish pig herds were subjected to phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA sequences. Almost complete (>95%) 16S rRNA sequences were obtained by solid-phase DNA sequencing of in vitro-amplified rRNA genes. The genotypic patterns were compared with a previously proposed biochemical classification scheme, comprising beta-hemolysis, indole production, hippurate hydrolysis, and ␣-galactosidase, ␣-glucosidase, and ␤-glucosidase activities. Comparison of the small-subunit rRNA sequences showed that the strains of the genus Serpulina were closely related. Phylogenetic trees were constructed, and three clusters were observed. This was also confirmed by signature nucleotide analysis of the serpulinas. The indole-producing strains, including the strains of S. hyodysenteriae and some weakly beta-hemolytic Serpulina strains, formed one cluster. A second cluster comprised weakly beta-hemolytic strains that showed ␤-galactosidase activity but lacked indole production and hippurate-hydrolyzing capacity. The second cluster contained two subclusters with similar phenotypic profiles. A third cluster involved strains that possessed a hippurate-hydrolyzing capacity which was distinct from that of the former two clusters, because of 17 unique nucleotide positions of the 16S rRNA gene. Interestingly, the strains of this third cluster were found likely to have a 16S rRNA structure in the V2 region of the molecule different from that of the serpulinas belonging to the other clusters. As a consequence of these findings, we propose that the intestinal spirochetes of this phenotype (i.e., P43/6/78-like strains) should be regarded as a separate Serpulina species. Furthermore, this cluster was found to be by far the most homogeneous one. In conclusion, the biochemical classification of porcine intestinal spirochetes was comparable to that by phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA sequences.

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Section: Except For Cluster III Which Is Represented By S Innocens mentioning

confidence: 99%

The phylogeny of intestinal porcine spirochetes (Serpulina species) based on sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA gene

et al. 1996

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“…Production of haemolysin by T. hyodysenteriae has been correlated with pathogenicity because nonpathogenic spirochaetes from the porcine intestine are only weakly haemolytic (Hudson et al, 1976;Kinyon et al, 1977;Kinyon and Harris, 1979). However, Hudson et al (1974) showed that T. hyodysenteriae, after 80 passages in vitro, remained haemolytic but was no longer pathogenic for pigs. Thus, the role of the haemolysin in the pathogenesis of swine dysentery has still to be elucidated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production, purification and molecular weight determination of the haemolysin of Treponema hyodysenteriae

Kent

Lemcke²,

Lysons³

1988

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Summary. The production of haemolysin from Treponema hyodysenteriae was increased by an improved culture method and by repeated incubation of spirochaetes suspended in a buffer containing RNA-core. Ion exchange chromatography on DEAE cellulose followed by gel filtration on Sephadex GlOO yielded purified haemolysin free from extraneous protein, as judged by silver-stained polyacrylamide gels. The mol. wt of the purified haemolysin, determined by gel filtration was 19 000, a value similar to that of streptolysin S, but much lower than that previously reported.

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“…Previous vaccination trials using killed or attenuated live cells as vaccines have not stimulated immunoprotection against swine dysentery (15,16), while commercially available bacterin vaccines fail to provide complete protection (8). An alternative approach may be to generate subunit vaccines that might be delivered by the expression of recombinant protein on the outer membrane of a bacterial delivery vector, such as Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (9,17).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Expression of the Bhmp39 Major Outer Membrane Proteins of Brachyspira hyodysenteriae

et al. 2006

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The enteric, anaerobic spirochete Brachyspira hyodysenteriae is the causative agent of swine dysentery, a severe mucohemorrhagic diarrheal disease of pigs that has economic significance in every major porkproducing country. Recent investigation into potential vaccine candidates has focused on the outer membrane proteins of B. hyodysenteriae. Bhmp39 (formerly Vsp39) is the most abundant surface-exposed outer membrane protein of B. hyodysenteriae; its predicted gene sequence has previously been shown to share sequence similarity to eight genes divided evenly between two paralogous loci. The peptide sequence suggested that Bhmp39 is encoded by one of these genes, bhmp39h. The biological significance of maintaining eight homologous bhmp39 genes is unclear, though it has been proposed that this may play a role in antigenic variation. In this study, real-time, reverse transcription-PCR was used to demonstrate that bhmp39f and bhmp39h were the transcripts most abundantly expressed by B. hyodysenteriae strain B204 cultured under in vitro growth conditions. Mass spectrometry data of the purified 39-kDa membrane protein showed that both Bhmp39f and Bhmp39h were present. Northern blot analysis across predicted Rho-independent terminators demonstrated that the genes of the bhmp39efgh locus result in monocistronic transcripts.

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Swine Dysentery: Failure of an Attenuated Strain of Spirochaete, Given Orally, To Protect Pigs Against Subsequent Challenge

Cited by 29 publications

References 2 publications

The phylogeny of intestinal porcine spirochetes (Serpulina species) based on sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA gene

The phylogeny of intestinal porcine spirochetes (Serpulina species) based on sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA gene

Production, purification and molecular weight determination of the haemolysin of Treponema hyodysenteriae

Differential Expression of the Bhmp39 Major Outer Membrane Proteins of Brachyspira hyodysenteriae

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