Swiss Mountain Guides: Medical Education, Knowledge, and Practice

Métrailler, Pierre; Greiser, Jens; Dietrich, Gilles; Walter, Daniel; Richon, Jacques; Walliser, Martin; Wiget, Urs; Sartori, Cláudio

doi:10.1089/ham.2018.0124

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Based on the foregoing and in agreement with Métrailler et al [7] and Mata et al [4], our first recommendation will be to combine practical skills with theoretical knowledge: the mountain sports coach must have, in addition to responsibility, the physical and mental capacity associated with theoretical knowledge. This knowledge must be supported by a good technical capacity of practice and by additional theoretical and practical skills in prevention and first aid intervention.…”

Section: Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 82%

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Construction and Validation of the Proposal for Safety and Emergency Material and Equipment in Mountain Sports

Mata,

Pereira,

Carvalhinho

2023

Port J Public Health

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Introduction: This study aimed to build and validate a proposal for safety and emergency material and equipment adjusted to the practice of mountain sports in Portugal. The proposal was developed through documentary analysis, literature review, and expert consultation. Methods: The validation of the contents of the proposal was carried out using the Delphi technique, with the participation of 30 experts, male (N = 18) and female (N = 12), aged between 32 and 61 years (M = 42.50; SD = 7.29), with a mean of 16.63 ± 5.60 years of experience, divided into 4 groups: (i) pre-hospital trainers; (ii) pre-hospital nurses; (iii) pre-hospital physicians; (iv) higher education teachers in the field of mountain sports. The 1st version of the proposal was structured in 7 areas and included 29 items (material and/or equipment). The final version of the proposal was structured in 8 areas (general material, measuring equipment, burns, trauma, respiratory, medication, communications, and survival kit) and included 44 items (material and equipment). Results: The proposal showed Content Validity Index (CVI) values of 100%. Concerning the reliability and validity of the proposal, intraclass correlation coefficient values of 0.986 (excellent) were found for technical importance and 0.983 (excellent) for contextual fit. All values show a high level of inter-expert agreement. Conclusion: The validated proposal will be an appropriate tool for mountain sports technicians to use in order to promote safety, reduce accidents and their consequent morbidity, and reduce the activation of rescue teams.

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Section: Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…10319/2014, of 11 August) [6]. Métrailler et al [7] reviewed the mountain emergency course, as well as the necessary material and equipment kit, in order to overcome identified flaws and improve the assistance provided to victims of mountain activities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Construction and Validation of the Proposal for Safety and Emergency Material and Equipment in Mountain Sports

Mata,

Pereira,

Carvalhinho

2023

Port J Public Health

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“…The data presented here demonstrate that the majority of the interviewees principally had “average” or “quite good” FA knowledge with a “fairly good” self-assessment, but they generally tended to underestimate their knowledge slightly. It also shows that their knowledge was often ineffective in the wilderness, since typical FA classes are designed for an urban setting and fail to train the specific skills and strategies needed to be effective in the wilderness [ 23 ]. This is similar for medical students, as there are only a few universities worldwide which offer wilderness medicine training for students [ 24 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Companion Rescue and Risk Management of Trekkers on the Everest Trek, Solo Khumbu Region, Nepal

Cerfontaine

Apel

Bertsch³

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Background: Trekking to high-altitude locations presents inherent health-related hazards, many of which can managed with specific first aid (FA) training. This study evaluates the trip preparation, FA knowledge, and FA self-assessment of trekkers (organized by tour operators vs. individually planned tours). Data obtained shall be used for specific FA trip preparation and management of emergencies en route for this population. Methods: A total of 366 trekkers on the Everest Base Camp Trek, Nepal, were interviewed using a questionnaire specifically designed to evaluate their FA knowledge and management of emergencies. Data evaluation was performed using descriptive statistics. Results: A total of 40.5% of trekkers experienced at least one medical incident during their trip, of which almost 50% were due to acute mountain sickness (AMS). There was more AMS in commercially organized groups than in individually planned ones (55% vs. 40%). For more than 50%, no medical care was available during their trip. A total of 80% could answer only 3/21 FA questions completely correctly. Only 1% showed adequate knowledge concerning FA strategies. A total of 70% were willing to enroll in an FA class specialized towards the needs of trekkers. Conclusions: The importance of high-altitude FA knowledge and trip preparation is widely underestimated. There is an unmet demand amongst trekkers for specific wilderness FA classes.

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“…However, failure to properly adapt to high altitude can cause serious health problems, even for native highlanders (Metrailler et al, 2019). Oxygen deficit impairs basic body functions like cognitive, digestive, and circulatory systems, causing symptoms like headache, dizziness, vomit, nausea, sleeplessness, and short breath, which could be attributed to acute mountain sickness (Jin, 2017), high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) (Jensen & Vincent, 2019b), and high altitude cerebral edema (Jensen & Vincent, 2019a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hematologic and spirometric characteristics of Tajik and Kyrgyz highlanders in the Pamir Mountains

Sulaiman

Cai³

et al. 2020

American J Hum Biol

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Objectives In this study, we measured the hematologic and spirometric parameters of native Tajik and Kyrgyz highlanders in the Pamir Mountains to investigate adaptations to high altitude stressors. Methods Hematological parameters including arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2), red blood cell (RBC) counts, and hemoglobin (Hb) concentration were measured on Sarikoli Tajik (n = 80; 3100 m), Wakhi Tajik (n = 48; 3500 m), and Kyrgyz (n = 64; 3250 m) in comparison to lowland Uyghurs (n = 50; 1300 m). Spirometric parameters including forced vital capacity (FVC), the first second of forced expiration (FEV1), and forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% (FEF25‐75) were measured. We also reported mountain sickness symptoms in these highlanders and conducted a multivariate regression analysis to analyze the association between these symptoms and the measured parameters. Results SaO2 of Sarikoli Tajik, Wakhi Tajik, and Kyrgyz (91%‐93.5%) are significantly lower than lowland Uyghurs, yet are comparable to other native highlanders at a similar altitude. RBC counts and Hb concentrations of all three highland populations are significantly increased compared to Uyghurs. FVC is lower in Sarikoli Tajik, Wakhi Tajik, and Kyrgyz (male: 3.48‐3.86 L, female: 2.47‐2.78 L) compared to Uyghurs. Combined with normal FEV1, elevated FEV1/FVC ratio, and FEF25‐75, the spirometric patterns of these highlanders indicate restrictive lung disease. A high prevalence of mountain sickness symptoms such as headache and nausea was found in all three highland populations, and are attributed to low FVC and aging by regression analysis. Conclusion Tajik and Kyrgyz highlanders showed adaptation in SaO2, RBC, and Hb level, but poor performance in spirometry, which causes mountain sickness.

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Swiss Mountain Guides: Medical Education, Knowledge, and Practice

Cited by 5 publications

References 22 publications

Construction and Validation of the Proposal for Safety and Emergency Material and Equipment in Mountain Sports

Construction and Validation of the Proposal for Safety and Emergency Material and Equipment in Mountain Sports

Companion Rescue and Risk Management of Trekkers on the Everest Trek, Solo Khumbu Region, Nepal

Hematologic and spirometric characteristics of Tajik and Kyrgyz highlanders in the Pamir Mountains

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