Switching Lifestyles Is an in vivo Adaptive Strategy of Bacterial Pathogens

Desai, Stuti K.; Kenney, Linda J.

doi:10.3389/fcimb.2019.00421

Cited by 36 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 64 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…To gain insights into possible impact of the VpaChn25_0724 gene deletion on bacterial growth, we determined growth curves of V. parahaemolyticus CHN25, Δ VpaChn25_0724 , and Δ VpaChn25_0724 -com strains at 37°C, 25°C, and 15°C, which are within the temperature range experienced by V. parahaemolyticus during its life cycle ( Desai and Kenney, 2019 ). As illustrated in Figure 2 , the Δ VpaChn25_0724 mutant exhibited a significantly extended lag phase, which was 4-fold, 6-fold, and 2.5-fold of that of the wild type strain at 37°C, 25°C, and 15°C, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prophage-Related Gene VpaChn25_0724 Contributes to Cell Membrane Integrity and Growth of Vibrio parahaemolyticus CHN25

Yang¹,

Wang

Pan³

et al. 2020

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a leading seafood-borne pathogen that can cause acute gastroenteritis and even death in humans. In aquatic ecosystems, phages constantly transform bacterial communities by horizontal gene transfer. Nevertheless, biological functions of prophage-related genes in V. parahaemolyticus remain to be fully unveiled. Herein, for the first time, we studied one such gene VpaChn25_0724 encoding an unknown hypothetical protein in V. parahaemolyticus CHN25. This gene deletion mutant ΔVpaChn25_0724 was constructed by homologous recombination, and its complementary mutant ΔVpaChn25_0724-com was also obtained. The ΔVpaChn25_0724 mutant exhibited a sever defect in growth and swimming motility particularly at lower temperatures. Biofilm formation and cytotoxicity capacity of V. parahaemolyticus CHN25 was significantly lowered in the absence of VpaChn25_0724. Comparative secretomic analysis revealed an increase in extracellular proteins of ΔVpaChn25_0724, which likely resulted from its damaged cell membrane. Comparison of transcriptome data showed twelve significantly altered metabolic pathways in ΔVpaChn25_0724, suggesting inactive transport and utilization of carbon sources, repressed energy production and membrane biogenesis in ΔVpaChn25_0724. Comparative transcriptomic analysis also revealed several remarkably down-regulated key regulators in bacterial gene regulatory networks linked to the observed phenotypic variations. Overall, the results here facilitate better understanding of biological significance of prophage-related genes remaining in V. parahaemolyticus.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prophage-Related Gene VpaChn25_0724 Contributes to Cell Membrane Integrity and Growth of Vibrio parahaemolyticus CHN25

Yang¹,

Wang

Pan³

et al. 2020

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Furthermore, the current study confirms M. chimaera to be motile in water using a light microscope, despite earlier reports stating it to be non-motile (see Supplementary Video 1 ). It is possible that M. chimaera could transition between motile and sessile mode of growth based on environmental cues, as shown in other bacterial species known to express pathogenicity in vivo ( Morgan et al, 2006 ; Desai and Kenney, 2019 ; Desai et al, 2019 ). The fact that M. chimaera showed motility may also be related to their survival and biofilm-forming ability in HCDs and other water-bearing medical devices as motility is believed to support the initial interaction between microbes and the surface by promoting adhesion ( Trautner and Darouiche, 2004 ; Lemon et al, 2007 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Biofilm Formation by Mycobacterium chimaera on Medical Device Materials

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are widespread in the environment and are a public health concern due to their resistance to antimicrobial agents. The colonization of surgical heater-cooler devices (HCDs) by the slow-growing NTM species Mycobacterium chimaera has recently been linked to multiple invasive infections in patients worldwide. The resistance of M. chimaera to antimicrobials may be aided by a protective biofilm matrix of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). This study explored the hypothesis that M. chimaera can form biofilms on medically relevant materials. Several M. chimaera strains, including two HCD isolates, were used to inoculate a panel of medical device materials. M. chimaera colonization of the surfaces was monitored for 6 weeks. M. chimaera formed a robust biofilm at the air-liquid interface of borosilicate glass tubes, which increased in mass over time. M. chimaera was observed by 3D Laser Scanning Microscopy to have motility during colonization, and form biofilms on stainless steel, titanium, silicone and polystyrene surfaces during the first week of inoculation. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of M. chimaera biofilms after 4 weeks of inoculation showed that M. chimaera cells were enclosed entirely in extracellular material, while cryo-preserved SEM samples further revealed that an ultrastructural component of the EPS matrix was a tangled mesh of 3D fiber-like projections connecting cells. Considering that slow-growing M. chimaera typically has culture times on the order of weeks, the microscopically observed ability to rapidly colonize stainless steel and titanium surfaces in as little as 24 h after inoculation is uncharacteristic. The insights that this study provides into M. chimaera colonization and biofilm formation of medical device materials are a significant advance in our fundamental understanding of M. chimaera surface interactions and have important implications for research into novel antimicrobial materials, designs and other approaches to help reduce the risk of infection.

show abstract

“…Salmonella Typhimurium biofilms have also been implicated in the formation of extracellular aggregates in vivo . In the C. elegans gut, CsgD-dependent formation of aggregates was associated with relative increases in both bacterial persistence and host survival, a phenotypic shift that likely contributes to the high transmissibility of similar aggregative populations within the cecum and colon of mice ( Lam and Monack, 2014 ; Desai and Kenney, 2019 ; Desai et al, 2019 ). While persistent and/or recurrent NTS infections of the human intestine have been documented, reports of cases are limited and do not provide any concrete evidence that would implicate the involvement of biofilms ( Musher and Rubenstein, 1973 ; Kazemi et al, 1974 ; Buchwald and Blaser, 1984 ; Marzel et al, 2016 ; Gal-Mor, 2019 ).…”

Section: Salmonella Biofilms Within the Infected Hostmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salmonella Biofilm Formation, Chronic Infection, and Immunity Within the Intestine and Hepatobiliary Tract

Harrell

Hahn

D’Souza

et al. 2021

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Within the species of Salmonella enterica, there is significant diversity represented among the numerous subspecies and serovars. Collectively, these account for microbes with variable host ranges, from common plant and animal colonizers to extremely pathogenic and human-specific serovars. Despite these differences, many Salmonella species find commonality in the ability to form biofilms and the ability to cause acute, latent, or chronic disease. The exact outcome of infection depends on many factors such as the growth state of Salmonella, the environmental conditions encountered at the time of infection, as well as the infected host and immune response elicited. Here, we review the numerous biofilm lifestyles of Salmonella (on biotic and abiotic surfaces) and how the production of extracellular polymeric substances not only enhances long-term persistence outside the host but also is an essential function in chronic human infections. Furthermore, careful consideration is made for the events during initial infection that allow for gut transcytosis which, in conjunction with host immune functions, often determine the progression of disease. Both typhoidal and non-typhoidal salmonellae can cause chronic and/or secondary infections, thus the adaptive immune responses to both types of bacteria are discussed with particular attention to the differences between Salmonella Typhi, Salmonella Typhimurium, and invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella that can result in differential immune responses. Finally, while strides have been made in our understanding of immunity to Salmonella in the lymphoid organs, fewer definitive studies exist for intestinal and hepatobiliary immunity. By examining our current knowledge and what remains to be determined, we provide insight into new directions in the field of Salmonella immunity, particularly as it relates to chronic infection.

show abstract

Switching Lifestyles Is an in vivo Adaptive Strategy of Bacterial Pathogens

Cited by 36 publications

References 64 publications

Prophage-Related Gene VpaChn25_0724 Contributes to Cell Membrane Integrity and Growth of Vibrio parahaemolyticus CHN25

Prophage-Related Gene VpaChn25_0724 Contributes to Cell Membrane Integrity and Growth of Vibrio parahaemolyticus CHN25

Characterization of Biofilm Formation by Mycobacterium chimaera on Medical Device Materials

Salmonella Biofilm Formation, Chronic Infection, and Immunity Within the Intestine and Hepatobiliary Tract

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About