Switching of Swimming Modes in Magnetospirillium gryphiswaldense

Reufer, Mathias; Besseling, R.; Schwarz-Linek, Jana; Martinez, Vincent A.; Morozov, Alexander; Arlt, Jochen; Trubitsyn, Denis; Ward, F. Bruce; Poon, Wilson

doi:10.1016/j.bpj.2013.10.038

Cited by 39 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…As has been shown for other polarly flagellated bacteria 37,38 , M. gryphiswaldense does not tumble between smooth swimming phases, but instead swims in a typical run and reversal pattern, with speeds between 20 and 65 mm s À 1 , similar to previously reported values 12,13,39 . In equilibrium conditions, cells showed a reversal frequency of 0.126 s À 1 or less, which is low compared with data reported for non-MTB [40][41][42][43] .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…M. gryphiswaldense has been widely used as a model in many recent studies on magnetosome biosynthesis 11 . However, there has been little investigation of its motility and taxis 8,12,13 , and it is currently not known whether or how the magnetic behaviour of M. gryphiswaldense and other MTB is integrated with other sensory responses at the behavioural and molecular level, or whether it uses a dedicated sensing and signalling machinery.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Polarity of bacterial magnetotaxis is controlled by aerotaxis through a common sensory pathway

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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confidence: 99%

Polarity of bacterial magnetotaxis is controlled by aerotaxis through a common sensory pathway

2014

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“…With respect to DLS, it offers access more readily to the larger length scales for the microorganisms' motility. As of today, several experiments have been performed with bacterial suspensions (Escherichia Coli [77,78,79,80], Bacillus Subtilis [41] and Magnetospirillium gryphiswaldense [81]) and with a suspension of the alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii [78]. In all these cases, accessing large length scales is fundamental for capturing the dynamic properties of the microorganisms and is extremely difficult with traditional DLS.…”

Section: Motility Of Microorganismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, DDM was also used to measure the swimming speed distribution and the oscillatory dynamics for C. reinhardtii [78] and for determining, by using the same analysis performed for anisotropic colloids under magnetic field discussed above, the magnetic moment of the magnetic field sensitive Magnetospirillium gryphiswaldense [81].…”

Section: -3mentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital Fourier microscopy for soft matter dynamics

Giavazzi¹,

Cerbino²

2014

J. Opt.

101

175

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Abstract. Soft matter is studied with a large portfolio of methods. Light scattering and video microscopy are the most employed at optical wavelengths. Light scattering provides ensembleaveraged information on soft matter in the reciprocal space. The wave-vectors probed correspond to length scales ranging from a few nanometers to fractions of millimetre. Microscopy probes the sample directly in the real space, by offering a unique access to the local properties. However, optical resolution issues limit the access to length scales smaller than approximately 200 nm. We describe recent work that bridges the gap between scattering and microscopy. Several apparently unrelated techniques are found to share a simple basic idea: the correlation properties of the sample can be characterised in the reciprocal space via spatial Fourier analysis of images collected in the real space. We describe the main features of such Digital Fourier Microscopy (DFM), by providing examples of several possible experimental implementations of it, some of which not yet realised in practice. We also provide an overview of experimental results obtained with DFM for the study of the dynamics of soft materials. Finally, we outline possible future developments of DFM that would ease its adoption as a standard laboratory method.

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“…The resulting magnetic torque causes a rotation of the MTB at a speed that is determined by the balance between the magnetic torque and the rotational drag torque. Under the application of a uniform rotating field, the bacteria follow U-turn trajectories (Bahaj and James, 1993;Reufer et al, 2014;Yang et al, 2012). that the torque increases linearly with the field strength, where it is assumed that the atomic dipoles are rigidly fixed to the lattice, and hardly rotate at all.…”

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confidence: 99%

Observing magnetic objects in fluids

Hageman¹

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IntroductionIn the modern day world we can observe a trend towards miniaturization of technology. And this is not without reason, as this can lead to for instance more functionality in the same device and reduce the amount of resources used for their construction or consumed during operation. The future of integrated circuitsA well-known example is integrated circuits, pioneered by Jack Kilby in 1958, which have been subject to Moore's scaling law. These predominantly twodimensional architectures get more functionality over time by reducing the transistor dimensions so that more fit on the same chip, a process limited by the resolution of lithography processes. The industry has recently reached the 10 nm node for lithography, but cannot scale indefinitely due to the limits imposed by the size of atoms. To continue the trend of progress, besides changing the computational approach (such as quantum computing), we will eventually have to move to the third dimension. This is in need of new production methods as lithography-based methods like layer stacking and interference lithography are severely restricted in the third dimension. Self-assembly of colloidal particles with embedded electronics into regular 3D structures would be a solution (figure 1.1) (Abelmann et al., 2010). The formation of colloidal crystals has been studied by the likes of Alfons van Blaaderen (1997; and Albert Philipse (Philipse et al., 1994;Rossi et al., 2011), building on fundamental concepts of (molecular or macroscopic) selfassembly pioneered by George Whitesides (Grünwald et al., 2016;Whitesides and Grzybowski, 2002). The dynamics of microscopic self-assembly are difficult to observe due to the small size and short characteristic time constants involved, and therefore most publications are focused on reaction products. Yet, it is important to fully understand the particle-particle and particle-fluid interaction to optimize the assembly process and to minimize crystal defects. Computer simulations are a solution, but these scale unfavourable with the amount of particles FIGURE 1.1 -Three-dimensional electronics like memory chips could be constructed from smart building blocks, "smarticles" (A) (Abelmann et al., 2010), by forming regular structures via colloidal self-assembly (B) (Norris et al., 2004). Smart particles have been successfully self-assembled on macroscopic scale, forming electrically functional networks (C) (Gracias et al., 2000). Self-assembly dynamics may be simulated on macroscopic scale (D) (Ilievski et al., 2011b).involved. Analogue simulations in the form of a macroscopic self-assembly reactor can act as an alternative, greatly increasing visibility. For a proper analogy we need an interplay between the disturbing (temperature) and assembling (electrostatic, magnetic, van der Waals etc.) forces present on microscopic scale. Such forces could be respectively turbulence and magnetic dipole interaction, as explored before by Filip Ilievski (2011b). The future of microroboticsA second example of miniaturization is the use of...

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Switching of Swimming Modes in Magnetospirillium gryphiswaldense

Cited by 39 publications

References 41 publications

Polarity of bacterial magnetotaxis is controlled by aerotaxis through a common sensory pathway

Polarity of bacterial magnetotaxis is controlled by aerotaxis through a common sensory pathway

Digital Fourier microscopy for soft matter dynamics

Observing magnetic objects in fluids

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